Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Publication
    Improvements of Flexural Properties and Thermal Performance in Thin Geopolymer Based on Fly Ash and Ladle Furnace Slag Using Borax Decahydrates
    ( 2022-06-01)
    Ng Yong-Sing
    ;
    ; ; ;
    Pakawanit P.
    ;
    Vizureanu P.
    ;
    Khalid M.S.
    ;
    Ng Hui-Teng
    ;
    Hanh Yong-Jie
    ;
    Nabiałek M.
    ;
    Pietrusiewicz P.
    ;
    Garus S.
    ;
    Sochacki W.
    ;
    Śliwa A.
    This paper elucidates the influence of borax decahydrate addition on the flexural and thermal properties of 10 mm thin fly ash/ladle furnace slag (FAS) geopolymers. The borax decahydrate (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%) was incorporated to produce FAB geopolymers. Heat treatment was applied with temperature ranges of 300◦C, 600◦C, 900◦C, 1000◦C and 1100◦C. Unexposed FAB geopolymers experienced a drop in strength due to a looser matrix with higher porosity. However, borax decahydrate inclusion significantly enhanced the flexural performance of thin geopolymers after heating. FAB2 and FAB8 geopolymers reported higher flexural strength of 26.5 MPa and 47.8 MPa, respectively, at 1000◦C as compared to FAS geopolymers (24.1 MPa at 1100◦C). The molten B2O3 provided an adhesive medium to assemble the aluminosilicates, improving the interparticle connectivity which led to a drastic strength increment. Moreover, the borax addition reduced the glass transition temperature, forming more refractory crystalline phases at lower temperatures. This induced a significant strength increment in FAB geopolymers with a factor of 3.6 for FAB8 at 900◦C, and 4.0 factor for FAB2 at 1000◦C, respectively. Comparatively, FAS geopolymers only achieved 3.1 factor in strength increment at 1100◦C. This proved that borax decahydrate could be utilized in the high strength development of thin geopolymers.
      1
  • Publication
    Preparation of Fly Ash-Ladle Furnace Slag Blended Geopolymer Foam via Pre-Foaming Method with Polyoxyethylene Alkyether Sulphate Incorporation
    ( 2022-06-01)
    Ng Hui-Teng
    ;
    ; ; ;
    Rojviriya C.
    ;
    Razi H.M.
    ;
    Garus S.
    ;
    Nabiałek M.
    ;
    Sochacki W.
    ;
    Abidin I.M.Z.
    ;
    Ng Yong-Sing
    ;
    Śliwa A.
    ;
    Sandu A.V.
    This paper uses polyoxyethylene alkyether sulphate (PAS) to form foam via pre-foaming method, which is then incorporated into geopolymer based on fly ash and ladle furnace slag. In the literature, only PAS-geopolymer foams made with single precursor were studied. Therefore, the performance of fly ash-slag blended geopolymer with and without PAS foam was investigated at 29–1000 °C. Unfoamed geopolymer (G-0) was prepared by a combination of sodium alkali, fly ash and slag. The PAS foam-to-paste ratio was set at 1.0 and 2.0 to prepare geopolymer foam (G-1 and G-2). Foamed geopolymer showed decreased compressive strength (25.1–32.0 MPa for G-1 and 21.5–36.2 MPa for G-2) compared to G-0 (36.9–43.1 MPa) at 29–1000 °C. Nevertheless, when compared to unheated samples, heated G-0 lost compressive strength by 8.7% up to 1000 °C, while the foamed geopolymer gained compressive strength by 68.5% up to 1000 °C. The thermal stability of foamed geopolymer was greatly improved due to the increased porosity, lower thermal conductivity, and incompact microstructure, which helped to reduce pressure during moisture evaporation and resulted in lessened deterioration.
      1
  • Publication
    Improvements of Flexural Properties and Thermal Performance in Thin Geopolymer Based on Fly Ash and Ladle Furnace Slag Using Borax Decahydrates
    ( 2022-06-01)
    Ng Yong-Sing
    ;
    ; ; ;
    Pakawanit P.
    ;
    Vizureanu P.
    ;
    Khalid M.S.
    ;
    Ng Hui-Teng
    ;
    Yong-Jie H.
    ;
    Nabiałek M.
    ;
    Pietrusiewicz P.
    ;
    Garus S.
    ;
    Sochacki W.
    ;
    Śliwa A.
    This paper elucidates the influence of borax decahydrate addition on the flexural and thermal properties of 10 mm thin fly ash/ladle furnace slag (FAS) geopolymers. The borax decahydrate (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%) was incorporated to produce FAB geopolymers. Heat treatment was applied with temperature ranges of 300◦C, 600◦C, 900◦C, 1000◦C and 1100◦C. Unexposed FAB geopolymers experienced a drop in strength due to a looser matrix with higher porosity. However, borax decahydrate inclusion significantly enhanced the flexural performance of thin geopolymers after heating. FAB2 and FAB8 geopolymers reported higher flexural strength of 26.5 MPa and 47.8 MPa, respectively, at 1000◦C as compared to FAS geopolymers (24.1 MPa at 1100◦C). The molten B2O3 provided an adhesive medium to assemble the aluminosilicates, improving the interparticle connectivity which led to a drastic strength increment. Moreover, the borax addition reduced the glass transition temperature, forming more refractory crystalline phases at lower temperatures. This induced a significant strength increment in FAB geopolymers with a factor of 3.6 for FAB8 at 900◦C, and 4.0 factor for FAB2 at 1000◦C, respectively. Comparatively, FAS geopolymers only achieved 3.1 factor in strength increment at 1100◦C. This proved that borax decahydrate could be utilized in the high strength development of thin geopolymers.
      1