Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi
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Preferred name
Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi
Official Name
Ahmad Sohaimi, Khairunissa Syairah
Alternative Name
Ahmad Sohaimi, Khairunissa Syairah
Ahmad Sohaimi, K. S
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
57200989580
Researcher ID
GBL-8741-2022

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Durability properties of demineralized and torrefied Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) pellets

2020 , Alina Rahayu Mohamed , Ras Izzati Ismail , Rashid, Mohammad Abdur , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi , N N Kasim , R Badlishah Ahmad

The pelletization of raw and demineralized and torrefied empty fruit bunch (TDEFB) were conducted upon mixing with bio-oil that was obtained from EFB pyrolysis. The ratio of bio-oil addition to raw and TDEFB was varied from 0-20 wt%. Then it was pressed using the single pellet press machine. The effects of the ratio of bio-oil addition to raw and TDEFB and the thickness of pellets were evaluated towards its durability. It was identified that the ratio of bio-oil addition to raw and TDEFB pellet of 5 wt% had produced the optimum durability which was 69.27 and 74.46 % respectively. In terms of the thickness of the raw and torrefied pellets, it was determined that at thickness of 3 cm, the durability was the highest which were 70.12 and 71.12 % for both raw and TDEFB pellets respectively. The raw and TDEFB pellets were analysed using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy in order to evaluate the presence of functional groups within the materials. The presence of O-H hydroxyl group, C=O from carbonyl or ester and C-H alkane groups are detected in both raw and torrefied pellets.

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Surface Water Treatment with Natural Starches as Coagulant via Coagulation Process

2020-12-18 , Noor Ainee Zainol , Bakar S.N.S. , Siti Nazrah Zailani , Azlinda Abdul Ghani , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi

In this study, natural polymers in the forms of starch from sago and tapioca were used as coagulant. The removal of turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) using coagulation process from river water was examined. The treatment on the river water sample was evaluated via a series of Jar Test experimental works with rapid mixing speed of 120 rpm for 1 minute, slow mixing speed of 30 rpm for 20 minutes and settling time of 60 minutes. The tapioca starch removed 93.7% of turbidity at dosage of 1000 mg/L. While, sago starch successfully removed 96.4% of turbidity under optimum dosage of 2000 mg/L. pH 12 was optimum pH for turbidity removal by using sago and tapioca starch whereas the highest percentage of COD removal occurred at pH 4 using sago and tapioca starch. At pH 4, tapioca and sago starch removed 22.5% and 25% of COD respectively. Overall tapioca starch showed better removal percentage of turbidity compared to sago starch throughout the experiment study. Generally, the usage of natural polymers as coagulants is good for turbidity removal; however, it did not work well on COD removal.

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Effect of carbonized coconut shell as a filler on tensile properties and water absorptivity of HDPE composite

2023 , Loh Shao Tee , Nor Munirah Rohaizad , Nor Aida Yusoff , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi , Noor Ainee Zainol

Generation of agricultural wastes have detrimental effect to our surrounding especially visual impacts and inefficient land use. Some of these wastes are natural fibers which can be used as potential filler in composite materials. In this study, carbonized coconut shell (CCS) had been utilized as filler and it was incorporated in the high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix to develop carbonized coconut shell filled HDPE composites. Firstly, the coconut shell powder was treated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with the concentration of 1, 3, 5 and 7 wt% for 2 hours. The 7 wt% treated coconut shell revealed better filler properties in the proximate analysis. Next, it was converted into carbonized coconut shell via carbonization process at 600 °C and used as filler in HDPE composites. The carbonized coconut shell filled HDPE composites with different filler loading of 5 to 20 wt% were prepared using extruder at operating conditions of 180 °C at 70 rpm of screw speed. The increase in the filler loading enhanced the tensile strength and the Young’s modulus of the filled HDPE composite. However, the elongation at break of the composite was observed to decrease with an increasing in the filler loading. There are some voids observed in the HDPE/CCS5 composites while good surface adhesion was presented in HDPE/CCS15 composites. The water uptake by the composites was observed to be increased with the filler loading. In conclusion, the optimum filler loading for carbonized coconut shell filled HDPE composites was determined as 15 wt% because it imparts high tensile strength with moderate water absorption properties.

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Ammonium adsorption-desorption by using rice straw biochar

2023 , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi , Norhidayah Abd Aziz , Nor Aida Yusoff , Noor Ainee Zainol , Nor Munirah Rohaizad , Siti Shilatul Najwa Sharuddin

Rice straw was utilized into biochar by pyrolysis and used as adsorbent for ammonium removal. Rice straw biochar was found as one of the adsorbents for wastewater treatment. This study was conducted to analyses the capability of rice straw biochar on ammonium adsorption-desorption. Rice straw biochar was characterized by ash content, moisture content analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis and pH of Zero Point Charge. Ash content increased meanwhile moisture content decreased as pyrolysis temperature increased. pH of Zero Point Charge for rice straw biochar was at pH 7.5. The rice straw produced at 550 °C was selected as best adsorbent for the adsorption of ammonium. The effect of process parameters such as adsorbent dosage, adsorption contact time, initial concentration and pH of ammonium were studied on the performance of ammonium adsorption. The results showed that maximum ammonium adsorption capacity was occurred at pH 7.5 by using 0.05 g of rice straw biochar in 3.0 ppm of ammonium solution for 130 minutes of contact time. Kinetic adsorption showed pseudo-second order is the best kinetic adsorption because involving a chemical adsorption as the value of R2 which was 0.9163 closer to 1. The adsorption-desorption of ammonium shown that rice straw biochar can run up to 5 cycles.

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Compost Physical Properties Study on Degradation of Poultry Manure Composting in Closed-Aerated Composter

2020-12-18 , Siti Nazrah Zailani , Lee C.T. , Noor Ainee Zainol , Yusoff N.A. , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi

A variety of parameters including physical, chemical, and biological properties of different input materials contribute to different composting performance. This study aimed to investigate the compost physical properties (bulk density, porosity, specific surface area and water holding capacity) on the composting process at different initial moisture content (MC). The degradation of total organic carbon (TOC) for the compost inoculated with Bacillus coagulans (BC) and effective microorganism (EM) was determined. The composting materials consisted of 50 % sawdust, 12 % chicken dung and 38 % rice husk with a fixed initial C/N ratio of 30. A closed-aerated composter was fabricated with an optimum air flow rate of 0.3 L/min.kg compost to avoid O2 limitation for 7 d of composting. The compost temperature was recorded to exhibit the active reaction between microorganisms and compost materials will generate a considerable amount of heat. The effect of the initial MC of the compost bed has been intensively investigated with regards to compaction analysis and compost particle for the composting inoculated with BC or EM in an aerated closed-system composter. The results showed that composting using the single strain of BC provides comparable results to that degraded by the commercial mixed culture EM.

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Synthesis and Characterisation of Dual Z-Scheme V2O5/g-C3N4 Photocatalysts for Degrading Ciprofloxacin Antibiotics Under Visible Light

2024 , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi , Juhana Jaafar , Hadi Nugraha Cipta Dharma , Ojo Samuel , A. F. Ismail , M. H. D. Othman , Mukhlis A. Rahman , F. Aziz , W. N. W. Salleh

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Coagulation-flocculation process for turbidity removal using alum sludge from water treatment plant

2023 , J. H. Chan , Nor Aida Yusoff , Noor Ainee Zainol , Nor Munirah Rohaizad , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi

The aim of this research was to utilize alum sludge, also known as water treatment residual (WTR) from water treatment plant for preparing sludge reagent product (SRP) as coagulant in removing turbidity of kaolin suspension and river water. The WTR was characterized by examine the inorganic component (functional group, and surface morphology using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) respectively. WTR had an amorphous structure and contained high aluminum metal constituents with 35.4 %, which can be recovered as coagulant. Acidification was conducted to recover these aluminium in WTR by using sulphuric acid and produced SRP. The optimum condition of SRP prepared from WTR was evaluated through parameters such as sludge concentration, normality and dosage of acid. It has been observed that 1 % sludge concentration acidified with 0.08 ml/ml sludge and 2.0 N H2SO4 of SRP gave the maximum percentage turbidity removal of 99.46 %. The performance of SRP in coagulation-flocculation process by using a standard jar test was studied based on the effect of pH, kaolin concentration, and SRP dosage. The highest percentage turbidity removal (99.79 %) was obtained at pH 7, kaolin concentration of 800 mg/L, and SRP dosage of 80 mg/L. The SRP performance was also compared to alum coagulant. The percentage turbidity removal of river water for both coagulants were almost similar, with 90.60 % for SRP and 91.18 % for alum respectively. Thus, SRP has the potential to replace commercial coagulant in water treatment plant in terms of costing and sustainability.

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Cactus opuntia as coagulant in treating landfill leachate via coagulation process

2021-02-23 , Zainol N.A. , Syarmimi F.N. , Siti Nazrah Zailani , Yusoff N.A. , Ghani A.A. , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi

Coagulation-flocculation treatment is often used for the treatment of stabilized landfill leachate. However, uses a non-environmentally friendly chemical coagulant which is a threat to environment quality, therefore Cactus opuntia is proposed to replace the use of current chemical coagulants such as aluminium sulphate in order to achieve sustainable growth. In this regard, the comparative suitability of Cactus opuntia and alum as coagulants for the treatment of the stabilised leachate of the Padang Siding Landfill Site was evaluated via a series of Jar Test experimental works with a rapid mixing speed of 100 rpm for 3 minutes, a slow mixing speed of 30 rpm for 10 minutes and a set-up period of 30 minutes. In addition, the sludge volume index (SVI) of the treated leachate sample was calculated under optimised conditions. Cactus opuntia was able to remove 66.8 per cent turbidity and 42 per cent COD at optimal pH 2 with a favourable dose of 8000 mg / L, while the optimal pH 5 with a coagulant dose of 8000 mg / L induced 94.5 per cent turbidity and 69 per cent COD reduction from the same leachate sample. In addition, the SVI of alum coagulant was 42.2 while the Cactus opuntia was 4.45 with a relative ratio of alum to opuntia of 9:1. Cactus opuntia may also be proposed as a plentiful coagulant of metal cationic ions such as aluminium, iron and silica elements for the treatment of leachate.

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Extraction of omega-3 fatty acid from Jade Perch (Scortum barcoo) using enzymatic hydrolysis technique

2020 , Nur Izzati Iberahim , Yee Chee Hann , Zainab Hamzah , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi

Extraction of omega-3 fatty acid from Jade Perch (Scortum barcoo) using enzymatic hydrolysis techniques are expected to be more economically possible techniques due to the uses of the enzyme with the characteristic of environmentally friendly, reusable and less energy required during large-scale production. Design of Experiments (DOE) was used to study the effect of process parameters such as the concentration of alcalase (0.5–1.5%), temperature (50–70 °C) and pH (6.5–8.5) towards the yield of oil. The findings showed 16.55% of oil yield was extracted from the jade perch under an optimum condition at 50 °C, 6.5 pH with 0.5% of enzyme concentration for 2 h incubation time. The fish oil was then undergone enzymatic concentration of omega-3 FA using lipase from Candida rugosa. The acid value and peroxide value of the fish oil was 71.422 mg KOH/g and 0.799 meq/kg, while the acid and peroxide value of the omega-3 concentrated oil was lower to 49.074 mg KOH/g and 0.399 meq/kg. The FTIR spectrum showed the presence of C–H stretch, =C–H stretch and C=O stretch bond justified the existence of lipids as it presents of alkanes, alkene, and carboxylic acids functional group. At the same time, GC-MS analysis showed the fish oil contains higher total PUFA content and omega-3 fatty acid content than omega-3 concentrated oil.

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Kinetics Analysis on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) with Copper Oxide Doped Aluminium Oxide (CuO/Al2O3) Catalyst

2020-12-18 , Alina Rahayu Mohamed , Zin A.M. , Siti Nor Azreen Ahmad Termizi , Khairunissa Syairah Ahmad Sohaimi , Izhar N.I.I.N.

This study focuses on dynamic non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis of empty fruit bunch (EFB) with copper oxide doped aluminium oxide (CuO/Al2O3) at linear ramp rates of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 Cmin-1 at pyrolysis temperature of 28-1000 C in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The thermogravimetric profiles for the thermochemical breakdown of EFB under non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis with CuO/Al2O3 comprise of three different levels. The kinetics analysis for the reactions were evaluated using the Kissinger and Ozawa methods. The values of activation energy (Ea) for non-catalytic EFB pyrolysis were 167.95 and 177.68 kJmol-1 based on Kissinger and Ozawa methods respectively. For catalytic pyrolysis with approximately 9.09 wt% CuO/Al2O3 catalyst, the values of Ea reduced to 127.72 and 137.42 kJmol-1 by Kissinger and Ozawa methods respectively. These values indicate that the presence of 9.09 wt% CuO/Al2O3 catalyst has successfully reduced Ea value for the EFB pyrolysis reaction.

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