Khairul Farihan Kasim
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Preferred name
Khairul Farihan Kasim
Official Name
Kasim, Khairul Farihan
Alternative Name
Khairul, F. K.
Kasim, K. F.
Khairul Farihan, K.
Farihan Kasim, Khairul
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Scopus Author ID
57195982318
Researcher ID
AAK-3088-2021

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Optimization of natural dye extraction from coconut husk

2023-07 , Nur Ain Abdul Ghafar , Khairul Farihan Kasim , Nawwal Abdul Kadir

This work aims to optimize the extraction of natural dye from coconut husks for use in the textile industry. The optimization process was carried out using the One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) approach. Before optimization, different parts of the coconut husk i.e., endocarp, exocarp, mesocarp, and a mixture of mesocarp and exocarp were screened for their potential to be used as dye. It was found that the combination of mesocarp and exocarp has the highest potential in terms of physicochemical and phytochemical properties as it resulted in the best yield of extract, pH and colour intensity, and the highest Total Flavonoid Content, Total Phenolic Content, and Total Tannin Content. The optimal parameters to extract dye from coconut husk (combination of mesocarp and exocarps) are particle size of 2 mm, sample to solvent ratio of 1:100, extraction time of 60 min, and a temperature of 100 °C. The dye extract was tested for use on cotton fabric. It was found that regardless of the mordanting method, acetic acid is the best mordant to use. It resulted in a brighter and more intense colour than alum. The usage of acetic acid as the mordant combined with the pre-mordant method was found to be the best for colour fixation of the natural dye from coconut husk on cotton fabric

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Effects of steam pretreated rice biomass condensate containing soluble solid Inhibitors on disruption of Pomacea Canaliculata Egg

2023-07 , Nor Azahanim Khamis , Saleha Shamsudin , Muhammad Hafiz Zabidi , Khairul Farihan Kasim , Ezyana Kamal Bahrin

Pomacea canaliculatais an invasive freshwater snail species that has become a serious pest of rice in irrigation and paddy fields and is popularly known as the golden apple snail. They are species that arecapable of surviving and spreading rapidly, causing significant changes in the ecosystem. The application of natural by-products of a physicochemical method of biomass steam pre-treated condensate is one option for disrupting Pomacea Canaliculata egg. This experiment was conducted to investigate the feasibility of steam pre-treated rice biomass condensate which contained soluble solid inhibitors as a biopesticide to eradicate Pomacea canaliculata. Rice straw, rice husk, and a combination of rice straw and rice husk (1:1) were pre-treated by the saturated steam pre-treatment in a batch reactor at high temperatures (190°C and 210°C) for 10 min. The steam condensate produced from this system was analysed for major degraded products or inhibitors such as furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and phenol. The steam condensate which contained soluble solid inhibitors was then analysed for solubility test on P. canaliculata eggs. The effect of soluble solid inhibitors on the eggs was structurally examined by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The resultsrevealed that rice husk which was pre-treated at 210°C reflected the highest contents of furfural (0.300 g/L), HMF (1.670 g/L), and phenol (0.087 g/L). However, the combination of rice biomass sample (1:1) condensate at 210°C demonstrated the greatest solubility percentage (11.51%) when treated to the eggs P. canaliculata eggs. The image of the egg structure examined by SEM clearly displayed the fractures forming on the cuticle layer of the eggs. SEM results demonstrated that the condensate from saturated steam pre-treated rice biomass has the possibility to be used as a biopesticide to disrupt the eggs and eventually could prevent the snails’ invasion.

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A novel mosquitoes repellent soap based on Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus citriodora oil

2005 , Khairul Farihan Kasim , Harbant, S. , Hunter, M. , Mohd Noor Ahmad

The use of Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus citriodora oil is a two stage repellent system for the soap, where E. citriodora offers short term repellency and the A. indica component offers longer term efficacy effects. Both materials (A. indica and E. citriodora) are from natural sources and locally available. This is the first time the two natural agents have been combined into a single product, thus providing synergy and longer term residual efficacy than present herbs and E. citriodora oil used in similar types of products in the market. This is cost effective product to combat mosquitoes as well as personal soap for everyday use.

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