Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Publication
    Malaysian and Libyan perspectives on single-use plastic's environmental impact during the pandemic COVID-19: a pilot study
    (Penerbit UTHM, 2023)
    Kamal Yousef Ali Zreba
    ;
    ; ;
    Irnis Azura Zakarya
    ;
    Rajeb Salem A.Hwidi
    Plastics have become a significant threat to natural ecosystems as well as human health. The use and consumption of plastics improves our quality of life significantly, but it is critical to transition to more sustainable alternatives. Thus, the current study proposes an investigation into the impact of single use plastic products during pandemic on the impact to the environment from the Malaysian and Libyan perspective. A pilot study was conducted to examine the strength of the questionnaire in collecting on the environmental impacts of single use plastic during COVID-19 pandemic distributed across two countries (Libya and Malaysia). SPSS was used to test the questionnaires' strength with 40 participants, 20 in each nation. The reliability test results with Cronbach’s Alpha predicted values of 0.7-0.86 and actual data Alpha values 0.87-0.93, normal test of variance inflation factor ranging between 1 and 5, skewness and kurtosis values of -1.343 to -0.076 and 5.312 to -0.024 respectively confirmed the strength of the questionnaires as benchmarked in the literature. Further, the participants' responses to the quality of the questionnaire in determining the single use plastic impact to environmental have clearly revealed the strength and applicability of this questionnaire for wider data collections.
  • Publication
    Removal of ammonia from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill using hydrated lime
    ( 2020-06-10) ;
    Chua Jui Shing
    ;
    Rajeb Salem Hwidi
    ;
    ;
    Irnis Azura Zakarya
    Leachate is known as a vigorous wastewater in terms of its organic matter and ammonia content. It is a major problem for municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill. It posed threat to surface water and groundwater. This study focusing on the removal of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) by coagulation on a raw leachate sample taken from Rimba Mas municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill. The landfill leachate is tested for COD, colour and NH3N. Morphological features of calcium oxide are studied using XRF and SEM. Optimum dosage of coagulant for ammonia nitrogen removal from MSW leachate is investigated. The method used in this research was coagulant-flocculation treatment: jar test apparatus. The coagulant was conducted using hydrated lime, Ca(OH)2 with varying amount of coagulant to find the optimum dosage for ammonia nitrogen removal. A raw leachate sample taken from Rimba Mas landfill was treated with a different amount of hydrated lime (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 g/L) and 0 as a control to investigate the removal of ammonia nitrogen. The results showed that the pH of leachate (9.09) after treated with hydrated lime is increased when the dosage of hydrated lime is increased. Results showed that the best value of removal efficiency from leachate of colour, COD and NH3N were 54.70%, 56.22% and 85.25% respectively. We can conclude that as the optimum dosage increases, removal efficiency is increases.
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  • Publication
    A study on Hydrogen Sulphide as potential tracer in landfill gas monitoring
    Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are one of the major source of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) which is the offensive odours potentially creating annoyance in adjacent communities. This project focuses on H2S emission from landfills in Perlis, Malaysia. Landfill gas (LFG) samples were collected and analyzed accordance with NIOSH method 6013. The mean concentrations of H2S in Kuala Perlis Landfill and Padang Siding Landfill are 210.68 ppm and 242.85 ppm respectively. High concentrations of H2S may be a concern for employees working on the landfill site. These results indicate that workers should use proper personal protection at landfill when involved in excavation, landfill gas collection, and refuse compaction. The formation of H2S most likely to be contributed by the biological conversion of sulfate from gypsum-rich soils and landfill wastewater treatment sludges by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) which can utilize dissolved sulfate as an electron acceptor. H2S is conveniently detected by hand held analyzer, such Jerome meter, landfill gas analyzer. In the organic range, in the ease of detection range in the dispersion rate within the landfill site, the monitored H2S gas form a very noticeable concentration with the travelling wind direction. It proved that the dispersion rate of H2S are suitable as tracer to detect route of travelling in a certain distance.
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