Farah Farhana Zainal
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Preferred name
Farah Farhana Zainal
Official Name
Farah Farhana, Zainal
Alternative Name
Zainal, Farah Farhana
Farhana, Z. F.
Zainal, F. F.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
56960654700
Researcher ID
DYA-1384-2022

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Effect of winding speed in epoxy glass composites for new fabricated filament winding machin

2020-11-02 , Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali , Yusrina Mat Daud , Farah Farhana Zainal , Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad Tajudin , Si H.M. , Si H.S. , Razani, Mohamad Syazwan Mohamad

The production of the glass fiber reinforced epoxy pipes is produced by filament winding process due to of its low costs, convenient and easy to install. The main objectives of this research is to optimize new fabricated filament winding machine and investigate the effect of winding speed. The problems for a new fabricated filament winding machine that must be optimized at first and lack of data for parameter in winding speed. The production by using filament winding process can be produce varieties of products such as tanks, pipes and vessels. The production of glass reinforced epoxy pipes of filament winding process was used different of winding speed levels. The new fabricated filament winding machine have 6 different winding speed that must be tested to get the optimum mechanical strength results. The process was stopped when the thickness of the samples is about 5.5mm wall thickness. The samples were tested with density for physical test and compressive strength for mechanical testing. The optimum winding speed to produce high mechanical strength for this new fabricated filament winding machine is winding speed two and the angle of the winding for speed 2 is 55°. This study, helps to determine winding speed for calibrate new filament winding.

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The Effect of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Solution Concentration on Properties of Geopolymer Paste

2020-11-24 , Farah Farhana Zainal , Sulotoha Nurqistina , Yusrina Mat Daud , Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim , Hasri , Hartati

This research analyzes the effect of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution concentration ranging from 8M to 12M as alkaline activator on the properties of geopolymer paste. Alkaline activator is essentially a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution. In this research, the main component used was raw kaolin. In order to produce kaolin based geopolymer paste, the alkaline activator solution was prepared with 0.24:1.00 ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH and this alkaline activator solution was prepared for 24 hours prior before used in another process. The solid-to-liquid ratio which is kaolin-to alkaline activator solution ratio was 0.80:1.00. The mixture of kaolin based geopolymer paste were placed in cube moulds with a size of 50x50x50 mm, and left for 24 hours until it hardened. Then, the samples were cured at 80? in the oven for 24 hours. The samples of kaolin based geopolymer paste were tested based on compressive strength, morphology analysis, water absorption and porosity after 28 days. In this project, 8M concentration of NaOH solution was the best concentration in order to study the synthesis of kaolin based geopolymer paste as the sample had the highest amount of compressive strength with 0.992 MPa and had the lowest water absorption and porosity with 1.246% and 24.08% respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to observe the morphological structure of the kaolin based geopolymer paste. The sample with 8M concentration of NaOH solution shows that least amount of unreacted particles. The structure of kaolin based geopolymer paste was more dense at 8M concentration as the size of pore decreases. The kaolin based geopolymer paste is suitable for use in the construction building industry as a finishing product such as coating.

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Corrosion Control by Using Aluminium as Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection (SACP) in Geopolymer Reinforced Concrete

2020-07-09 , Farah Farhana Zainal , Hawani Hanisah Ismail N. , Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim , Yusrina Mat Daud , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Hasri , Hartati

This paper presents corrosion control by using Aluminium as Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection (SACP) in geopolymer reinforced concrete. Geopolymer concrete for this research are the combination and reaction between kaolin, which is acting as a binder, fine aggregates such as river sand, coarse aggregates and an alkaline activator which contain 12 M of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution with the ratio of NaOH/Na2SiO3 is 0.8. There are two types of sample preparation in this experiment which are the control sample without attaching with Aluminium and SACP sample that attach to Aluminium. Three testing were conducted in this research such as compressive strength, open circuit potential and gravimetric weight loss method and these results were observed after days 7 and 14. Compressive strength testing for this geopolymer concrete shows that the highest compressive strength was at sample 14 days which is 7.04 MPa while sample 7 days is 3.96 MPa. The result shows the potential values of SACP samples were lower than the control sample for both 7 and 14 days. The potential values for the SACP sample for 7 and 14 days are 0.0152 V and -0.037 V while for control sample was 0.048 V and 0.051 V respectively. From the Pourbaix diagram, the control sample was located in the passivity region while SACP sample was located in the immunity region. The corrosion rate of the reinforcement bar in concrete has been performed by the gravimetric weight loss method. Analysis of the resulting proved that the corrosion rate of SACP sample was lower than the control sample for both 7 and 14 days, which were 3.60 x 10-5 mm/yr and 1.427 x 10-5 mm/yr respectively. This is due to the presence of Aluminium which act as the sacrificial anode that protects reinforcement bar in geopolymer concrete from the corrosive agent.

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Tensile Properties of Polyethylene Composites Based Kaolin Geo-Filler

2020-11-24 , Lun Loh Zhen , Yusrina Mat Daud , Farah Farhana Zainal , Farah Farhana Zainal , Hartati , Mohammad Firdaus Abu Hashim , Shern Tan Wei

The current work studies the tensile properties of polyethylene composites-based kaolin geo-filler. Polyethylene composites was prepared based on kaolin geo-filler at different loading content varies from 0,2,4,6,8 and 10 wt%. The optimum results were compared with polyethylene composites based on raw kaolin to study the effect both filler on tensile properties. Tensile test was conducted according to ASTM D638. Based on these research studies, the use of kaolin geo-filler is effectively improved the tensile properties of polyethylene as compared to the raw kaolin filler. As the result, 8% of kaolin geo-filler content demonstrate the optimum formulation to enhance the tensile properties of polyethylene composites.

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