Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Publication
    One-pot synthesis of molecular-imprinted membrane for selective extraction of caffeic acid
    This research investigated the capabilities of caffeic acid-imprinted membrane (CA-IM) toward the selective extraction of caffeic acid (CA). A simpler surface-imprinted membrane using poly(vinylidene fluoride) as supporting membrane, CA as the template, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linker, and 4-vinylpyridine as the functional monomer was developed. The characterization of the membrane’s surface after the polymerization process was analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. Molecular modeling showed a ratio of 1:4 for which template/monomer gave the highest at − 18.09 kcal/mol. This indicates that this ratio can form a stable complex and a greater affinity toward CA. Batch rebinding and kinetics were performed and then followed by isotherm and kinetic adsorption modeling. Our results show that CA-IM fitted with Freundlich adsorption model and kinetic adsorption of CA-IM followed the second-order model. The selectivity experiment indicated that the adsorption capacity (1.497 mg/g), distribution coefficients, KD (1.939), and selectivity of polymers to CA were higher than for gallic acid and vanillic acid for CA-IM when compared to NIM. These results demonstrated that CA-IM is a capable and effective material for the selective adsorption and enrichment of CA compounds.
  • Publication
    Screening of polymer precursors for preparation of nitrate imprinted polymer
    (IOP Publishing, 2020) ;
    Mohd Noor Ahmad
    ;
    A K M Shafiqul Islam
    ;
    ;
    Muhammad Syafie Ahmad
    ;
    Siti Fatimah Kamaruddin
    The molecular imprinting technique (MIT) has received considerable attention in the development of anion recognition materials which can be used in different applications. Major difficulty in molecular imprinting polymer is the selection of suitable polymer precursor such as template, type of monomer, amount of monomer and crosslinker that may influence the nitrate imprinted polymer (IIP) preparation. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the optimum parameters (type of template, type of monomer, amount monomer and crosslinker) during polymerization process. The optimum polymer particles were prepared by bulk polymerization using sodium nitrate as a template, allylthiourea as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross linker and acetonitrile and dimethylsulfoxide as solvent by heating in an oil bath at 60 °C for 20 hour. The non imprinted polymer (NIP) was synthesized using the same method but without template molecule. The optimal condition of nitrate imprinted polymer synthesis was 3 mmol of monomer, 20 mmol of cross linker and 6 ml of solvent used with adsorption capacity of 14.06 mg/g and 1.27 imprinting factor. The IIP and NIP were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The FTIR analysis were showed that IIP and NIP were successfully synthesized. As conclusion from this research shows that the IIP produced has potential in to be used as nitrate adsorption in aqueous water.
  • Publication
    Optimization of different parameter in synthesis ion imprinted polymers via precipitation polymerization for nitrate adsorption
    (IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020) ;
    Teh Chin Xin
    ;
    Shuit Siew Hoong
    ;
    An important issue in synthesis of ion imprinted polymers (IIP) is optimization of the main parameters that involved during polymerization process as those parameters can influence the performance of IIP. In this study, IIP was synthesized by precipitation polymerization using allylthiourea (ATU) as monomer, nitrate as template ion, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as crosslinker, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator with 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) light and mixture of acetonitrile and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as porogenic solvent. The influences of various polymerization parameters in the synthesis of IIPs were investigated. The parameters studied included: ratio of monomer-template, amount of crosslinker and amount of porogenic solvent. These parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with central composite design CCD). Results showed that IIP with an optimum adsorption capacity of 156.233 mg/g of nitrate ion NO3-) can be obtained under the following polymerization conditions: 3.90 mmol of ATU, 18.67 mmol of EGDMA and 38.30 mL of porogenic solvent. The nitrate imprinted polymer and non-imprinted polymer were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM micrograph showed microparticles ranging from 14.05 - 16.17 µm in diameter and the surface was rough and porous. The sorption of IIP followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. In this study, the binding capacity indicated that nitrate imprinted polymer recognized NO3- in aqueous solution more effectively compared to non-imprinted polymer and this polymer particles potrayed better adsorption as compared other adsorbent
  • Publication
    OPTIMIZATION OF DIFFERENT PARAMETERS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BISPHENOL A IMPRINTED POLYMER VIA PRECIPITATION POLYMERIZATION FOR BISPHENOL A ADSORPTION
    Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is used to synthesize receptors and is highly recognized against target molecules. The purpose of the study is to prepare bisphenol A (BPA) imprinted polymer that can be used to adsorb BPA molecules. The MIP was prepared by precipitation polymerization using BPA as a template, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinker, acetonitrile as a solvent, and 1,1'-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (AIBN) as an initiator by heating in an oil bath at 60 °C for 20 hours. The influence of several parameters (i.e., the ratio of monomer-template, the amount of crosslinker, and the amount of solvent) on the recognition capability of BPA MIP was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions of BPA synthesis are 3 mmol of monomer, 30 mmol of crosslinker, and 35 mL of solvent, which achieved an adsorption capacity of 78.111 mg/g. The MIP and non-imprinted polymer (NIP) were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MIP shows higher selectivity towards BPA compared to other analogs. In conclusion, the particles of imprinted polymer have a great potential in the adsorption of BPA.
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