Research Output
Kinetic and Isotherm Studies of Malachite Green Adsorption From Aqueous Solution by Calcined Eggshell Treated Orange Peel
The Optimization of Protease Enzyme Extraction from Streblus Asper (Kesinai)
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Publication
In this work, the ability of eggshell treated orange peel as a low-cost adsorbent to remove malachite green (MG) dye from an aqueous solution was investigated. The eggshell treated orange peel was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. From the FTIR analysis, the functional group that might be involved in the adsorption process was found to be carboxylic acid and alcohol. The effect of contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were also investigated by using batch adsorption mode. The results showed that the percentage of dye removal increased with the increase of contact time and the process attained equilibrium within 140 minutes with the highest percentage of MG dye removal was 98%. The percentage of dye removal was also found to increase with the increase of initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage. The experimental result showed that 0.1 g eggshell treated orange peel was able to remove 98% of MG dye while about 99% of MG dye was removed for 250 mg/L of dye concentration. The adsorption isotherm data were well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model with the qmax of 31.45 mg g-1. Meanwhile, the kinetic data was best presented by the pseudo-second-order model with R2> 0.99.
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Publication
Protease from Streblus asper (Kesinai) is an interesting rennet substitute and yet very few studies had been conducted so far. In the present study, the leaf extract of Kesinai had been discovered to investigate the ability of this milk coagulating enzyme. The development of the optimized conditions for enzyme extraction was analyzed by using Central Composite Design (CCD). The studied factors were ratio of sample to buffer, weight of sample (g) and homogenization time (min). It was found that a 30 g of S. asper leaves sample with the ratio of the sample to buffer of 1:1 and at a mixing rate of 2 minutes established the most desirable conditions for serine proteases extraction from the S. asper leaves sample.