Nur Farhana Diyana Mohd Yunos
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Preferred name
Nur Farhana Diyana Mohd Yunos
Official Name
Nur Farhana Diyana, Mohd Yunos
Alternative Name
Yunos, Nur Farhana Mohd
Yunos, Nur Farhana M.
Mohd Yunos, Nur Farhana
Yunos, N. F.
Yunos, N. F.M
Nur Yunos, F.
Yunos, Nur F.
Yunos, N. F.D.M.
Yunos, M.
Yunus, Nur Farhana M.
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
44062005100
Researcher ID
I-2598-2019

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Mineralogical characterizations of Langkawi Ilmenite ore for carbothermal reduction

2022-01 , A. I. Mohammed , Nur Farhana Diyana Mohd Yunos , Muhammad Asri Idris , Zul Azhar Zahid Jamal , Nur Farhana Hayazi , T. Nomura

The mineralogical characterizations of Langkawi’s ilmenite were investigated using XRD, XRF and SEM/EDS for morphological analysis. The minerals mainly consist of the phases of FeTiO3, Fe3O4 and TiO2 by Rietveld refinement, which indicated that the ore contains 35.85% of TiO2 and 26.52% of Fe3O4. The amount of the elements calculated from the quantitative and XRF analysis are reliable and in acceptable ranges. The morphology of the ore shows that the ore is formed mainly in sub-rounded grains with titanium and iron as the main elements. The ore is categorized as a low-grade ore, but it can be upgraded for TiO2 production using carbothermal reduction reactions, where the results of XRD, XRF, SEM showed an extractable amount of TiO2 more than 32wt%.

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Phase reduction and thermodynamic analysis of Ilmenite Ore by carbothermal-iodination using different carbon reductants

2023-12 , N. A. Nasrun , Nur Farhana Diyana Mohd Yunos , Muhammad Asri Idris , Sri Raj Rajeswari Munusamy , N. Takahiro , S. A. Rezan

The present study is on the combination of carbothermal reduction and iodination reaction (carboiodination) process for the phase reduction of ilmenite ore (FeTiO3). The aim is to understand the phase reduction and thermodynamic reaction analysis of ilmenite ore by a combined method of carbothermal-iodination using different carbon reductants (graphite and palm char). Graphite was used as a standard carbon reductant while palm char as a renewable carbon reductant was prepared via the pyrolysis technique. Ilmenite was mixed with carbon reductants and then first reduced by using a carbothermal reduction process at 1550℃. Then, the reduced samples were further investigated with iodination reaction in different temperature ranges of 900-1000 °C using a vertical tube furnace with mixed argon and iodine gas (0.2 L/min). The proximate and ultimate analyses of carbon reductants were analysed by CHON analyser and their microstructure by using SEM, while XRF and XRD were used for analyzing the chemical compositions and the phase reductions of raw ilmenite ore and reduced samples, respectively. The thermodynamics of possible reactions during carbothermal-iodination reactions were calculated by HSC Chemistry 6.0 software. By comparing graphite and palm char, palm char had an amorphous structure, with porous and high carbon content showing high potential for usage as a reductant in titanium extraction from ilmenite ore. The phases of ilmenite ore were ilmenite, rutile, and anatase transformed into rutile, pseudobrookite, and titanium oxide detected by XRD. Further reduction was performed by palm char where more rutile (TiO2) and titanium oxide (Ti3O5) developed from the iodination reaction at the highest temperature compared to graphite due to better properties and amorphous structure. The rutile and titanium oxide were found as stable phases from the thermodynamic analysis and confirmed with XRD. From the findings, the combination of carbothermal-iodination of ilmenite ore was possible and promising for rutile (TiO2) production in mineral extractions.

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Phase transformations of Langkawi ilmenite ore during carbothermal reduction using palm char as renewable reductant

2022-02-01 , Mohammed A.I. , Nur Farhana Diyana Mohd Yunos , Muhammad Asri Idris , Nur Hazira Najmi , Zul Azhar Zahid Jamal , Nomura, Takahiro

The phase transformations of carbothermal reduction of Langkawi ilmenite ore by palm char were studied in reduction temperatures ranging from 1200 °C, 1300 °C, and 1400 °C using a horizontal tube furnace with inert argon gas. The palm shells as renewable carbon reductant for carbothermal reduction of ilmenite ore were converted into palm char using pyrolysis techniques to improve and increase the surface area and carbon content. The present study aims to reduce oxides in ilmenite ore from our local mining to produce titanium oxides by carbothermal reduction process and recycled agricultural waste from palm shell as renewable reductant. The phase and chemical compositions of ilmenite ore and reduced samples were analyzed by XRD and XRF. It was found that ilmenite ore mainly contained titanomagnetite, hematite, and titanium dioxide phases. After carbothermal reduction, the titanomagnetite phase from ilmenite ore was transformed into titanium dioxide, iron titania, iron, and titanium carbide at the highest reduction temperature (1400 °C) via XRD analysis. The phase transformation revealed the porous structure with wider pore size distribution and high carbon from palm char was able to reduce the oxides in ilmenite ore. According to XRF analysis, the TiO2 amount was increased with the temperature; from 25.7 wt.% at 1200 °C up to 50.8 wt.% with the extent of reduction of TiO2 was 78.56% at 1400 °C. The carbothermal reduction of ilmenite ore using palm char as a renewable reductant was possible and promising in mineral ore extractions.

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