Norizah Abd Karim

Norizah Abd Karim

Preferred name

Norizah Abd Karim

Official Name

Norizah, Abd Karim

Alternative Name

Karim, Norizah Abd

Karim, N. A.A.Abdul

Karim, N. A.

Main Affiliation

Universiti Malaysia Perlis

Scopus Author ID

57195982475

Research Output

Visualization by Type
Visualization by Date

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Effect of soaking time towards graphitization of empty fruit bunch (EFB) waste

(AIP Publishing, 2023)
Norizah Abd Karim
;
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
;
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
;
Marniati
;
Zulfadhli, M. R.M.
;
Mutiawati

Empty fruit bunch (EFB) are the second-highest waste produced in the oil palm industry which is 18 022 tonnes in a year. However, the presence of oil palm waste especially from empty fruit bunch (EFB) give a major problem to the disposal. Herein, EFB waste has been identified as a potential carbon source for synthetic graphite production. This is due to implement the lower heating temperature of synthetic graphite produced in controlled heating conditions. Several parameters have been manipulated to study the effect of various parameters on the graphitization process. Hence, in this study, the effect of soaking time towards graphitization of empty fruit bunch (EFB) waste has been investigated. EFB waste was heat treated with various soaking times which is 2 hours, 2.5 hours and 3 hours in controlled heating conditions with constant heating temperature at 500°C and heating rate at 10°/minute After heating treatment, the samples were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and analyzed by X'Pert Highscore Plus software. The functional group of synthetic graphite was determined by using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphological study was carried out by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). From the analysis, the best synthetic graphite produced is at the 2.5 hours soaking time with a constant heating temperature at 500°C and a constant heating rate at 10°/min.
Biomass Waste Incorporation in La₀.₆Sr₀.₄Co₀.₂Fe₀.₈O₃-α˗Ba(Ce₀.₆Zr₀.₄)₀.₉Y₀.1O₃-δ composite cathode: effects on microstructural and physical properties

(Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2025)
Ismariza Ismail
;
Nur Ashafieka Abdullah
;
Norizah Abd Karim
;
Shazlina Johari
;
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli

This study explores the incorporation of rice straw as a pore-forming agent in fabricating the La₀.₆Sr₀.₄Co₀.₂Fe₀.₈O₃-α˗Ba(Ce₀.₆Zr₀.₄)₀.₉Y₀.1O₃–δ (LSCF-BCZY) composite cathode, focusing on its microstructural and physical properties. Conventional cathode materials often face challenges in balancing porosity and structural stability, with synthetic pore formers posing environmental and consistency concerns. To address these issues, rice straw was introduced into the cathode matrix at varying weight percentages, and the composites were sintered at 1000 °C. The addition of rice straw was evaluated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and densitometry. The results revealed that increasing rice straw content significantly enhanced cathode porosity, rising from 5.53 to 27.74%, with a concomitant reduction in density from 1.33 to 0.93 g/cm3, while maintaining the crystalline stability of the LSCF-BCZY composite. Enhanced porosity suggests improved reactant diffusion to active sites, potentially benefiting the cell's performance in future energy applications. This work highlights the potential of agricultural waste as a sustainable and effective alternative to synthetic pore formers in cathode fabrication.
Banana stem waste as a sustainable modifier for microstructure modification of protonic ceramic fuel cell cathode

( 2024-06)
Ismariza Ismail
;
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
;
Norizah Abd Karim
;
Abdullah Abdul Samat

This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing banana stem waste (BSW) as a pore former to modify the microstructure of the PCFC composite cathode. The microstructure of the La₀.₆Sr₀.₄Co₀.2Fe₀.8O3-α-Ba(Ce₀.₆Zr₀.₄)₀.₉Y₀.1O3-δ (LSCF-BCZY64) composite cathode was modified by varying the amounts of the incorporated banana stem waste. The samples underwent sintering at 1000 ˚C, and their microstructural and physical properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and densimeter. The results indicate that the incorporation of BSW enhances the porosity of the cathode without significantly affecting its crystalline structure. As the amount of BSW increased from 10 to 40 wt.%, the porosity level increased from 7.0% to 32.7%, and the density of the samples decreased from 1.3 to 0.9 g/cm3, thereby supporting the results of the porosity analysis. Increased cathode porosity can enhance reactant accessibility to active sites, potentially resulting in improved cell performance and durability. Moreover, the utilization of BSW as a sustainable and cost-effective pore former aligns with the growing emphasis on environmentally friendly materials in energy applications.

27 2
Optimization of soaking time for graphitization of oil palm trunk waste

(AIP Publishing, 2023)
Norizah Abd Karim
;
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
;
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
;
H. S. S. A. Syed
;
R. M. S. Syah

Synthetic graphite was synthesized from oil palm trunk chip in controlled heating condition or pyrolysis process. The soaking time was varied in the range of 2.5 hours, 3 hours, and 3.5 hours. While the heating rate and heating temperature was constant at 20 °/min and 500°C accordingly. After heat treatment process, the samples were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and analyzed using X'Pert Highscore Plus software. Synthetic graphite phase was analyzed by XRD and it was further supported by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy analysis to verify existence of functional group. The morphological study was carried out by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Based on the analysis, it was confirmed that synthetic graphite was successfully synthesized at 3hours soaking time with 500 °C and 20 °/min heating rate. Synthetic graphite was observed in the form of amorphous carbon based on the XRD diffraction pattern that match with the reference code of 00-041-1487.

31 2
Production of low temperature synthetic graphite

( 2023-04)
Anis Syafiqa Rosman
;
Ranjitha Navalan
;
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
;
Norizah Abd Karim
;
Mohd Fairus Ahmad
;
Shazlina Johari
;
Norshamsuri Ali @ Hasim
;
Nurul Huda Osman

Synthetic graphite is a material consisting of graphitic carbon which has been obtained by graphitizing a non-graphitic carbon. The growth in demand, particularly in customizing properties for certain usage has brought about research on viable alternative, low-cost, and environmentally pleasant synthetic graphite production. Biomass wastes are amongst appealing carbon precursors which have been broadly checked out as replacement carbon for graphite production. This research aimed to synthesize synthetic graphite from oil palm trunks at low temperatures (500 °C, 400 °C and 300 °C) under controlled conditions to determine the physical properties and properties of the graphite obtained. After the heat treatment process, the obtained samples were then characterized by using XRD, SEM and RAMAN characterizations. Based on SEM and RAMAN characterization, it can be seen that graphite that undergoes a 500 °C pyrolysis process shows the best results compare to graphite that undergoes a pyrolysis process at the temperatures of 300 °C and 400 °C. The graphite flakes and the peaks obtained for 500 °C graphite are obviously present. For XRD characterization, the best samples at 500 °C were chosen to be characterized. From the results, the sample shows slight behavior imitating the commercialized graphite. Hence, from the characterizations of the samples, it can be concluded that the best synthetic graphite produced was from the oil palm trunks heated at 500 ° C

3 34
Graphitization of empty fruit bunch (EFB) waste at lower heating temperature

(AIP Publishing, 2023)
Norizah Abd Karim
;
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
;
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
;
Marniati
;
Desita Ria Yusian
;
Muhammad Zulfadhly Mohd Fazil

Previously, synthetic graphite was produced at higher heating temperature, which is above 2500°C in complex processing method and by using petroleum coke, anthracite, and coal tar pitch as the starting materials. These materials are known as non-waste sources. Therefore, in this study, Empty Fruit Bunch Waste (EFB) has been identified as a potential carbon source from waste to replace the non-waste sources of starting materials for synthetic graphite production. Hence, by implementing a controlled heating condition via pyrolysis process, with fixed heating rate and soaking time, Empty Fruit Bunch Waste (EFB), was heated at 3 different series of heating temperatures, which are, 300°C, 400°C and 500°C. The heating rate applied was maintained at 10°/min and the soaking time used 3 hours. After the heating treatment, the synthetic graphite obtained was characterized by various analytical tools, including, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Analysis. Based on the analysis, it was confirmed that synthetic graphite was successfully synthesized by heat treatment at 500 °C with 10°/min of heating rate and 3 hours soaking time. Synthetic graphite was observed in the form of amorphous carbon based on the XRD diffraction pattern that matches with the reference code of 00-041-1487.

1 11
Characterization of doped ZnO thin film for Ammonia gas sensing application

(Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2023)
Shazlina Johari
;
Fatin Amira Hasbullah
;
Anis Syafiqa Rosman
;
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
;
Mohd Fairus Ahmad
;
Norizah Abd Karim
;
Nurul Huda Osman
;
D. Darminto
;
Ali Hussain Reshak
;
Sebastian Garus

This paper reports on the characterization of Sn- and Al-doped zinc oxide thin film for potential ammonia gas detection. The sol–gel method has been used to deposit the dopant onto the glass substrate at an annealing temperature of 500◦C for three different doping concentrations, which are 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 at.%. The method used to produce this thin film is sol–gel, as it is cheap, easy, and can be employed at low temperatures. The studies involve the investigation of the morphological structures and electrical and optical properties of doped ZnO. In terms of structural properties, scanning electron microscope images of Sn- and Al-doped ZnO change as the dopant concentration is increased. The doped thin film response and recovery towards 200 ppm of ammonia were observed and recorded. Both dopants show good gas sensing response. The recorded resistance reading suggests that Al is the superior dopant in gas sensing as it produces a low resistance reading of 230 Ω as opposed to 140 kΩ produced by Sn-doped ZnO thin film.

20 1
Low temperature synthetic graphite from oil palm trunk waste via pyrolisis process

( 2020)
Norizah Abd Karim
;
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli
;
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali
;
C A I Nadia
;
G Denesh

Synthetic graphite was produced from oil palm trunk chip in lower heating temperature via pyrolysis process. The heating rate (10 °/min and 20 °/min) were varied whilst the heating temperature at 500 °C was fixed. All of the samples produced after heat treatment process were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and the diffraction pattern obtained analyzed using X’Pert Highscore Plus software to affirm the phase analysis. To ensure the graphitic nature of synthetic graphite produced, RAMAN analysis was conducted. Morphological study of the synthetic graphite produced involved scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. From the investigation, the results show, confirmation that synthetic graphite was successfully synthesized at the heat treatment of 500 °C (20 °/min heating rate) with fixed soaking hours. Synthetic graphite produced matched with XRD reference code of 00-041-1487. Analysis of RAMAN confirm the formation of D, G and 2D peaks at the respective wavenumber of 1250 cm-1, 1625 cm-1 and 2700cm-1.

5 42

Norizah Abd Karim

Research Output

Filters

Author

Organization

Subject

Has files

Type

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Options

Norizah Abd Karim

Research Output

Filters

Author

Organization

Subject

Has files

Type

Settings

Sort By

Results per page