Noraziana Parimin
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Noraziana Parimin
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Noraziana, Parimin
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Parimin, N.
Noraziana, Parimin
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55955288500
Researcher ID
GCS-3360-2022

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Isothermal oxidation behaviour of heat-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr series ni-based superalloy

2024-12 , Megat Farhan Nazmi Megat Mohamad Halim , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah

The impact of heat treatment on the high temperature oxidation of Ni-based superalloys, specifically the Fe-33Ni-19Cr series, is discussed in this study. This alloy, designated LT950 and HT1160, is heat treated at two distinct temperatures, 950 °C and 1150 °C, for three hours of soaking time, followed by a water quench. Rockwell hardness tests and optical microscopy were used to characterize the heat-treated samples. An isothermal oxidation test was performed on the heat-treated samples for 200 hours at 900 °C. The oxidation kinetics were ascertained by measuring the weight change of the oxidized sample. Oxidized samples were characterized by morphological analysis of the oxide scale using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and oxide phase analysis using x-ray diffraction (XRD). As a result, the sample's grain size increases with increasing heat treatment temperature. The results of the Rockwell hardness test indicate that the Rockwell hardness number decreases as the heat treatment temperature rises. However, every heat-treated sample that was put through the isothermal oxidation test displayed a pattern of weight gain as the length of exposure increased. Because fine-grained LT950 has a lower parabolic rate constant, it indicates a lower rate of oxidation and therefore has good resistance to oxidation. XRD analysis shows that several oxide layers have formed on the surface of the oxidized sample consisting of Cr-containing oxides from the Cr2O3 and MnCr2O4 phases. SEM analysis of fine-grained LT950 showed uniform oxide scale, while coarse-grained HT1150 showed the formation of cracked and porous structures.

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Effect of solution treatment temperature on the microstructure of Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy

2020-09 , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah

The effect of solution treatment temperature on the microstructure, phase present and hardness on Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy was study in this work. The Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy was experienced a solution treatment process at six different temperatures which are 950 °C, 1000 °C, 1050 °C, 1100 °C, 1150 °C and 1200 °C for 3 hours soaking time followed by water quench. The average grain size was measured by using linear intercept methods ASTM E112. Microstructure of solution-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy was characterized by using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer. The phase present was analyzed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The Vickers hardness was used to measure the hardness of solution-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy. Increasing the solution treatment temperatures were increase the average grain size of solution-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy. In addition, all samples exhibited an equiaxed matrix grain with slight distribution of precipitates particles. The hardness of solution-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy was decrease as the solution treatment temperature increase.

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Internal oxidation behavior of Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy

2020 , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah

Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy is the Ni-based alloy used at high temperature condition due to its excellent ability to form protective oxide layer at high temperature. Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy was undergo a series of solution treatment process to vary the grain size of the alloy. The Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy was solution-treated at 3 different temperature, namely 1000°C, 1100°C and 1200°C, for 3 hours soaking time, followed by water quench. The solution-treated alloys were then experienced an isothermal oxidation test at 900°C for 500 hours in laboratory air. The oxidized Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy were characterized in terms of phase analysis and cross-sectional analysis using XRD and SEM-EDX to investigated the effect of different grain size alloy to the oxidation behavior. The solution treatment process was produced varies grain size of Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy. The solution-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy at 1000°C exhibited the fine grain size, while solution-treated Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy at 1200°C produced a coarse grain size. The oxidized Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy recorded a formation of several oxide phases consists of Cr-rich oxide, Fe-rich oxide, Ti-rich oxide and spinel oxides structure. The cross-sectional analysis displays a several layer of oxide scales formed on the alloy surface with evidence of internal oxide penetration through the grain boundary area.

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Oxide growth behaviour of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy at high temperature oxidation

2020 , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah

The isothermal oxidation test has been investigated on two types of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy, namely Fe-33Ni-19Cr and Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloys. Both alloys were undergoing an isothermal oxidation test at temperature of 500? for 500 hours exposure time. The weight change per surface area of the oxidized samples has been recorded to calculate the oxidation kinetics of both alloys. The oxide growth behaviour of oxidized samples has been examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer. The oxide phase formed on the sample surface has been analyzed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The results show that both alloys were followed a parabolic rate law, indicating a diffusion-controlled oxide growth mechanism. In addition, the oxidation kinetics indicating an increasing weight gain trend as the exposure time increase. Several oxide phases had formed on the oxidized surface of both alloys, consists of Cr-rich, Ti-rich, Fe-rich and spinel oxide structure. The surface morphology of both alloys demonstrated a continuous oxide scale formed on the alloy surface. Additionally, Fe-33Ni-19Cr alloy recorded a formation of Ti-rich oxide, whereas, Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy displayed a formation of overgrown Nb-rich oxide particle which. Roles of the precipitates in oxidation mechanism give new insights into the alloy optimization.

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Role of alloyed niobium on the isothermal oxidation of Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy

2020 , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah

Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy is the heat-resistant alloy usually use at high temperature service. The alloying elements normally added to the alloy to enhance the resistance to severe oxidation during service. The Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy was experienced a high temperature oxidation at 700 °C for 500 h exposure time in laboratory air. The discontinuous isothermal oxidation test was carried out at different time intervals to record the weight change of the oxidized alloy throughout the experiment. The oxidized Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy was characterized in terms of oxidation kinetics, phase analysis by using x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and oxide surface morphology determination by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer. The oxidation kinetics of oxidized Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy was exhibited a weight gain trend. The calculation of oxidation rate law was proved that this oxidized Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy was obeyed parabolic rate law indicating the growth of oxide scales was followed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The phase analysis of the oxidized Fe-40Ni-24Cr alloy recorded the formation of several oxide phases consists of Cr-rich, Fe-rich, Ti-rich, Nb-rich and spinel oxides structure. These oxides were served as a protective barrier between base metal and environment. The surface morphology of oxide scale after different exposure displayed a continuous oxide layer formed on the alloy surface with evidence of overgrown Nb-rich oxide particle at discrete area on the alloy surface starting from 150 h exposure time.

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Characterization of oxidation kinetics and oxide scale formation on isothermal oxidation of HR-120 ni-based superalloy at 500ºC

2024-12 , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah , Astuty Amrin

The HR-120 Ni-based superalloy underwent isothermal oxidation at 500°C in order to better understand the oxidation kinetics and the production of oxide scales. To create small and large grain structure, the HR-120 Ni-based superalloy was heat-treated at two distinct temperatures, 950ºC and 1100ºC. A 500°C for 500 h isothermal oxidation test was performed on the heat-treated alloy of the study examined the oxidation kinetics, oxide phase development and oxide surface morphology of alloy that had undergone isothermal xidation. Plotting weight gain versus surface area allowed for the measurement of oxidation kinetics. The XRD method was used to examine the oxide phase. Surface morphology was investigated with SEM and EDX methods. A parabolic rate law was observed in the oxidation of both heat-treated alloys, suggesting a diffusion-controlled oxide growth mechanism. The alloy’s surface has developed many oxide phases as a result of exposures lasting 500 h. The oxidized samples’ surface morphology after 300 hours shows that overly large Nb-rich oxides are dispersed throughout the continuous oxide scale development. On coarse-grained heat-treated alloys, Nb-rich oxides produced that were abnormally big. This occurrence will initiate a crack that spreads around the oxide.

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High temperature isothermal oxidation of heat-treated HR-120 Ni-based alloys

2020 , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah

The effect of heat treatment of HR-120 Ni-based alloys on the isothermal oxidation at high temperature was studies. HR-120 Ni-based alloys was undergo a heat treatment process at two different temperatures, namely 1000 °C and 1200 °C for 3 h soaking time, followed by water quench. The heat-treated samples were then undergoing an isothermal oxidation test at 500 °C for 500 h exposure time in air. Oxidized samples have been characterized in terms of the kinetics of oxidation, phase analysis using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and oxide surface morphology using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer. The heat treatment process exhibits an increasing of average grain size alloy as the temperature increases. Whereas, the oxidation kinetics of oxidized samples exhibits a parabolic rate law, representing a diffusion-controlled oxide growth rate. The oxidized of heat-treated sample at 1000 °C recorded low oxidation rate with low parabolic rate constant values. The oxide surface morphology of oxidized samples indicates the formation of continuous oxide scales with overgrown Nb-rich oxide particles after exposure for 300 h. At 500 h exposure time, the formation of Nb-rich oxide particles was growing with evidence of crack occurred around the overgrown oxide particles.

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Oxidation kinetics of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy at 900 °c

2020 , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah

The study of isothermal oxidation of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy was done at 900 °C for 500 hours. The effect of oxidation kinetics and oxide growth behavior on Fe-Ni-Cr alloy were investigated on heat-treated Fe-Ni-Cr alloy to understand the oxidation mechanism on different grain size of alloy. The grain size of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy was varying through heat treatment process at three different temperatures, namely 1000 °C, 1100 °C and 1200 °C for 3 hours soaking time followed by water quench. The heat-treated Fe-Ni-Cr alloy was experienced discontinuous isothermal oxidation test at 900 °C up to 500 hours exposure. The oxidation kinetics plot was calculated based on the weight change per surface area over time. The oxide surface morphology was characterized by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer. The heat treatment process recorded an increasing grain size alloy as the heat treatment temperature increase. 8H10 sample indicate the fine grain size, whereas 8H12 sample indicate the coarse grain size. The oxidation kinetics of all samples exhibit the weight gain pattern with fine grain 8H10 sample recorded the lowest weight gain compared to 8H11 and 8H12 samples. All samples were obeyed parabolic rate law indicating the oxide growth rate followed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The oxide surface morphology of 8H10 sample displayed a continuous oxide scales with formation of grain boundary oxide along the grain boundary area. Similar oxide structure formed on 8H11 and 8H12 samples, except for the formation of crack on the grain boundary oxide on both samples. In addition, 8H12 sample also formed a porous oxide structure.

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Influence of solution treatment temperature on the microstructure of Ni-based HR-120 superalloy

2020 , Noraziana Parimin , Esah Hamzah

The solution treatment process has been carried out on Ni-based HR-120 superalloy (Fe-40Ni-24Cr) at six different temperatures, namely 950ºC, 1000ºC, 1050ºC, 1100ºC, 1150ºC and 1200ºC. All samples were soaking for 3 hours at desired temperature, followed by water quench. The main objective of the solution treatment process is to vary the grain size of the alloy. The effect of solution treatment process on the alloy has been investigated in term of microstructure, grain size, phase present and hardness test, by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometer, x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and Vickers hardness test. As a results, the grain size of the solution-treated alloy were increase as the solution treatment temperature increase from 27.27 μm to 40.86 μm for solution-treated alloy at 950ºC to 1200ºC, respectively. Three precipitate phases were detected during phase analysis which are NbC, TiC and (Nb,Ti)C on the solution-treated alloy. In addition, as the grain size increase when the solution treatment temperature increase, the hardness value was decrease.

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