Ahmad Azrem Azmi
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Ahmad Azrem Azmi
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Ahmad Azrem, Azmi
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Azmi, Ahmad Azrem
Azrem, A. A.
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Scopus Author ID
55562182300
Researcher ID
AAA-1068-2021

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The properties of crumb rubber loading on fly ash based geopolymer mortar

2023 , Reshikesan Ravi , Ahmad Azrem Azmi , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Lokman Hakim Ibrahim , Romisuhani Ahmad , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali

By replacing traditional Portland cement (OPC) with crumb rubber in fly ash-based geopolymer mortar, waste tyre disposal and natural mineral aggregate use can be reduced, resulting in lower CO2 emissions. Crumb rubber geopolymer mortar is formed when sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) are mixed with fly ash (class F) to make aluminosilicate gel. All of the fly ash geopolymer preparations followed the same ratio of solid to liquid (2:1) and the same ratio of NaOH solution (12M) to Na2SiO3 solution (2.5). Different amounts of crumb rubber (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of solid) were added to the mixture. The results show that the compressive strength of the geopolymer mortar decreased with increasing crumb rubber loading. The results of the analysis show that the compressive strengths of CR-0%, CR-5%, CR-10%, CR-15%, and CR-20% are 25,59,14,31,11.19,10.38, and 8.16 MPa. The strength is diminished because of inadequate interfacial adhesion between the crumb rubber and geopolymer paste. As the sample weight fell, the percentage of crumb rubber in the geopolymer mortar in-creased, but the density decreased.

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Crumb rubber geopolymer mortar at elevated temperature exposure

2022-01-01 , Ahmad Azrem Azmi , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali , Ahmad R. , Jaya R.P. , Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim , Almadani M.A. , Wysłocki J.J. , Śliwa A. , Sandu A.V.

Low calcium fly ash is used as the main material in the mixture and the crumb rubber was used in replacing fine aggregates in geopolymer mortar. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) which were high alkaline solution were incorporated as the alkaline solution. The fly ash reacted with the alkaline solution forming alumino-silicate gel that binds the aggregate to produce a geopolymer mortar. The loading of crumb rubber in the fly ash based geopolymer mortar was set at 0% (CRGM-0), 5% (CRGM-5), 10% (CRGM-10), 15% (CRGM-15), and 20% (CRGM-20), respectively. NaOH solution (12M) and Na2SiO3 solution ratio is set constant at 2.5 for all geopolymer mixture and the fly ash to alkali activator ratio was kept at 2.0. The CRGM at 28 days of curing time was exposed to elevated temperature at 200◦C, 400◦C, 600◦C and 800◦C. The weight loss of the CRGM increases with increasing temperature at all elevated temperatures. However, the density and compressive strength of CRGM decrease with an increase of crumb rubber loading for all elevated temperature exposure. The compressive strength of CRGM reduced due to the fact that rubber decomposes between 200◦C and 600◦C thereby creating voids. CRGM-15 and CRGM-20 showed cracks developed with rough surface at 800◦C. Image obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that, the CRGM changed significantly due to the decomposition of crumb rubber and evaporation of the free water at 400◦C, 600◦C and 800◦C.

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Effect of crumb rubber on compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete

2016 , Ahmad Azrem Azmi , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali , Andrei Victor Sandu , Kamarudin Hussin

This study explores the effect of different percentage of crumb rubber on compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete. This research attempted to produce rubberized geopolymer concrete as an environmentally friendly, lightweight and durable product. Crumb rubber with ranged size from 73 μm to 375 μm was used in order to replace fine aggregates in geopolymer concrete. The replacements of crumb rubber were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% in the fly ash based geopolymer concrete. The ratio of fly ash to alkaline activator was 2.5 and the ratio of Na2SiO3 to NaOH was fixed at 2.0. After the curing process, the strengths of the samples were tested on days 7 and 28. The results show that there is a reduction in all compressive strength for crumb rubber mixture, but still higher than normal rubberized concrete. Rubberized geopolymer concrete is a suitable solution in some non structural applications.

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Effect of crumb rubber on compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete

2016 , Ahmad Azrem Azmi , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali , Andrei Victor Sandu , Kamarudin Hussin

This study explores the effect of different percentage of crumb rubber on compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete. This research attempted to produce rubberized geopolymer concrete as an environmentally friendly, lightweight and durable product. Crumb rubber with ranged size from 73 µm to 375 µm was used in order to replace fine aggregates in geopolymer concrete. The replacements of crumb rubber were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% in the fly ash based geopolymer concrete. The ratio of fly ash to alkaline activator was 2.5 and the ratio of Na2SiO3 to NaOH was fixed at 2.0. After the curing process, the strengths of the samples were tested on days 7 and 28. The results show that there is a reduction in all compressive strength for crumb rubber mixture, but still higher than normal rubberized concrete. Rubberized geopolymer concrete is a suitable solution in some non structural applications.

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Publication

Crumb rubber geopolymer mortar at elevated temperature exposure

2022 , Ahmad Azrem Azmi , Mohd. Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali , Romisuhani Ahmad , Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya , Shayfull Zamree Abd. Rahim , Mohammad A. Almadani , Wysłocki, Jerzy J. , Agata Śliwa , Andre Victor Sandu

Low calcium fly ash is used as the main material in the mixture and the crumb rubber was used in replacing fine aggregates in geopolymer mortar. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) which were high alkaline solution were incorporated as the alkaline solution. The fly ash reacted with the alkaline solution forming alumino-silicate gel that binds the aggregate to produce a geopolymer mortar. The loading of crumb rubber in the fly ash based geopolymer mortar was set at 0%

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