Condensed matter physics

This book will give the reader an idea about the utilization of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) for solving complex systems. The band structure problem is a many-body problem corresponding to the motion of the enormous number of electrons and of nuclear particles in the crystal. The study of crystals, their structures, and their properties has antecedents predating modern science. With the aid of Density Functional Theory (DFT), the many-electron problem can be reduced to a problem with one electron moving in an effective crystal potential. DFT is an extremely successful approach for the description of the ground state properties of metals, semiconductors, and insulators. The success of DFT not only encompasses standard bulk materials but also complex materials such as proteins and carbon nanotubes.