In this work, the FO and PRO experiments were performed using GE Osmonics reverse osmosis (RO) and cellulose triacetate (CTA) FO commercial membranes. Both RO and FO commercial membrane become the benchmark for the PRO membranes modification. The effect of draw solution concentration on water flux, salt reverse flux and membrane type on FO and PRO performance pressure were systematically investigated. The results showed that permeate flow increased with greater draw solution concentration in both FO and PRO modes. In the PRO process, the commercial GE Osmonics RO and CTA FO membranes could only be operated at a pressure not>7 bar with peak power densities achieved of 1.98 Wm-2and 3.17 Wm-2, respectively.
