The main challenge for photovoltaic systems is to withstand the high surface and ambient temperatures caused by direct solar radiation, which decreases system efficiency. This research aims to develop a photovoltaic thermal system cooling method using nanofluid SiO2/water with a volume concentration of 0.5-1.5 vol.% and a radiation rate of 450-850W/m2. The working fluid flow rate is between 1.8 and 6 L/min at each radiation rate. SiO2/water 1.5 vol.% under 850W/m2 radiation with a flow rate of 6 L/min produced the best results, with an average overall efficiency of 71.99%, the thermal efficiency of 63.43%, and electrical efficiency of 8.56%. However, the highest electrical energy efficiency was achieved at 650W/m2 with a 9.27% efficiency.
