The main purpose of the study is to characterise the effects of diesel, biodiesel blends B5M10 and B10M10 and emulsion fuels B5M10E3 and B10M10E3 as fuels for the impact on particulate matter emission. Engine tests have been performed to obtain results of engine performance, gas emission and particulate matter with various cycles. Excel analysis methods were used to analyse the data obtained. The B5M10E3 produces lower 𝑁𝑂𝑥 emission results than B10M10E3 as biodiesel fuel increases the combustion temperature. In conclusion, biodiesel blends able to reduce emissions of particulate matter and gas emissions compared to diesel but increase 𝑁𝑂𝑥 emissions. Therefore, emulsion fuels B5M10E3 and B10M10E3 can be the best alternative fuel for the future.
