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  • Publication
    Chitosan based solid electrolyte doped with new azo-azomethine additive for electric double-layer capacitor (EDLCs)
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025-06-10)
    Tuan Siti Fatimah Tuan Mohd Pauzi
    ;
    ;
    M.N. Hafiza
    ;
    ;
    Wan M. Khairul
    ;
    Artiqah Khairudin
    ;
    M.I. Rosli
    ;
    Fatin Saiha Omar
    Biopolymer-based solid electrolytes are gaining attention for their potential in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). However, their practical application is limited by drawbacks such as low electrical performance and increased corrosive reactivity due to excessive amount of plasticizers. This present study investigates the effect of an azo-azomethine (AI) additive featuring hybrid (-N=N-) and (-CH=N-) groups, incorporated into a chitosan biopolymer matrix as a novel electrolyte for enhancing EDLC performance. Simulated results of the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) suggest that the nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) atoms from the azo and alkoxy substituents modulate the energy level of AI by reducing the HOMO-LUMO gap to 2.17 eV. The interaction between AI additive and chitosan was assessed using FTIR and powder-XRD analyses. The ionic conductivity of the prepared SBEs also increased by eight orders of magnitude from 7.38 × 10−10 S/cm to 1.27 × 10−2 S/cm with the contribution of 8 wt% of the additive. The EDLC cell was constructed by placing the prepared SBE within carbon-based electrodes, resulting in a specific capacitance 2.05 × 10−5 F/g. Thus, these findings demonstrate promising potential for electrochemical device applications.