Mazlee Mazalan
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Preferred name
Mazlee Mazalan
Official Name
Mazlee, Mazalan
Alternative Name
Mazalan, Mazlee Bin
Mazalan, Mazlee
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
54420543000
Researcher ID
FKZ-3093-2022

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Machine learning approaches for stem cells

2023 , Mazlee Mazalan , Tien Dung Do , Wan Safwani Wan Kamarul Zaman , Effirul Ikhwan Ramlan

Purpose of Review: Machine learning (ML) enables high-throughput analysis of multimodal data generated from stem cell experiments such as gene expression data, images of cells, or proteomic data. In this review, we analyse the progression of ML adaptation in advancing the field of stem cell research. Recent Findings: On the one hand, the field of stem cell phenotypic characterisation is experiencing a significant growth, largely due to the successful implementation of deep networks in domains with similar problem characteristics (i.e., rapid advances of the image recognition field). On the other hand, genotypic characterisation is gradually gaining traction as researchers are beginning to apply ML to understand the genetic and molecular mechanisms behind stem cell behaviour. Summary: The use of advanced machine learning techniques, such as deep networks, is demonstrating promising results in phenotypic stem cell characterisation, although it is still lagging slightly in genotypic characterisation. Despite this progress, significant challenges persist, including ensuring the interpretability of ML models, limited availability of annotated datasets, improving the accuracy and quality of training data, and navigating ethical considerations.

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Modelling and Simulation using Finite Element Method of Surface Acoustic Wave Biosensor for Gas Detection Application

2021-11-25 , Anas Mohd Noor , Ahmad Nasrul Norali , Zulkarnay Zakaria , Mazlee Mazalan , Yufridin Wahab

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor detects changes in physical properties such as mass and density on its surface. Compared to other types of sensors, SAW sensor have a good stability, high selectivity and sensitivity, fast response, and low-cost. On the other hand, to design and optimize a SAW biosensor requires a long process including time and cost using conventional methods. Therefore, numerical simulation and computational modelling are useful and efficiently conduct analysis for the SAW biosensor. In this paper, a numerical simulation technique is used to analyse the SAW device sensitivity for the application of gas detection. The SAW biosensor can detect very small mass loading by changing its sensor resonance frequency. The two-dimensional (2D) device model is based on a two-port SAW resonator with a gas sensing layer. We made two design of SAW biosensor device with frequency of 872 MHz and 1.74 GHz. A gas with vary concentration from 1 to 100 ppm were used to determine the change of the device resonance frequency. As a result, the high frequency (1.74 GHz) device, shows that the resonance frequency is shifted larger than to the low frequency (872 MHz) device. In addition, the high frequency device offers five times more sensitivity than the low frequency device. By changing the sensor design, the sensor characteristics such as sensitivity can be altered to meet certain sensing requirements. Numerical simulation provides advantages for sensor optimization and useful for nearly representing the real condition.

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Current development in interdigital transducer (IDT) surface acoustic wave devices for live cell in vitro studies: A review

2022-01-01 , Mazlee Mazalan , Anas Mohd Noor , Yufridin Wahab , Shuhaida Yahud , Zaman W.S.W.K.

Acoustics have a wide range of uses, from noise-cancelling to ultrasonic imaging. There has been a surge in interest in developing acoustic-based approaches for biological and biomedical applications in the last decade. This review focused on the application of surface acoustic waves (SAW) based on interdigital transducers (IDT) for live-cell investigations, such as cell manipulation, cell separation, cell seeding, cell migration, cell characteristics, and cell behaviours. The approach is also known as acoustofluidic, because the SAW device is coupled with a microfluidic system that contains live cells. This article provides an overview of several forms of IDT of SAW devices on recently used cells. Conclusively, a brief viewpoint and overview of the future application of SAW techniques in live-cell investigations were presented.

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A Numerical Study of Collective Cell Migration in a Microchannel Driven by Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Device

2023-01-01 , Mazlee Mazalan , Anas Mohd Noor , Yufridin Wahab , Shazlina Johari , Mohd Rosydi Zakaria , Zaman W.S.W.K.

Collective cell migration is involved in a variety of biological contexts, including tissue morphogenesis, wound healing, and cancer invasion. Many studies have revealed that chemical, mechanical, and electrical stimulation all affect cell migration. Although an acoustic stimulus has been shown to influence cell migration in the past, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. A computational model that accounts for acoustic-structure interaction was constructed in this study to simulate the formation of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) field and the application of the acoustic pressure field on collective cell migration. A group of cells within a microchannel device and two ports of interdigitated transducers (IDTs) with different wavelengths were modeled. The stresses within cells were investigated as it was influenced by substrate displacement and pressure acoustic in the cell media generated by the SAW device. As a result, we observed the local stress within cells near the solid-fluid interfaces. For propagating SAW, the shorter wavelength of IDTs (600 μm) attributed to high stress at the cell's top and bottom as compared to the SAW device with the longer wavelength (1000 μm). The standing SAW occurred underneath collective cells. The results of standing SAW on cell stress at the bottom confirm that the SAW device can be useful to regulate the abnormalities cellular activities associated with cell migration.

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Characterization of Excimer Laser Micromachining Parameters to Derive Optimal Performance for the Production of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based Microfluidic Devices

2024-01-01 , Shazlina Johari , Ting Z.K. , Mazlee Mazalan , Yufridin Wahab , Anas Mohd Noor , Mohd Fairus Ahmad , Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli

Laser micromachining has been used as an alternative to producing microfluidics structures and simplifying the conventional soft lithography process. In this paper we characterize the excimer laser micromachining parameters and demonstrate its application by producing several microfluidic structures in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The parameters include the number of laser pulses, laser energy and rectangular variable aperture (RVA) in both x- and y-directions. We found that the laser energy and pulse rate affect the depth of micromachining d channels, while RVA in both x- and y-directions affects the width of the channels. Repetition of laser scan does not change the channel width but significantly changes the channel depth. Proper adjustment for laser energy and pulse rate is required to fabricate a desired channels depth. In order to demonstrate the microfabrication capability of an excimer laser with the optimal operating parameters, several microfluidic structures were micromachining d into PDMS with a KrF excimer laser.

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