Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • Publication
    Corrosion behaviour of mild steel : insights from tafel extrapolation analysis in flowing 3.5% NaCl solutions and soil with diverse resistivity levels
    ( 2024-12)
    Mahalaksmi Gunasilan
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    ; ; ;
    Wan Mohd Haqqi Wan Ahmad
    The corrosion behaviour of AISI 1006 steel in diverse environmental conditions were comprehensively investigated to offer valuable insights into corrosion mitigation strategies for critical infrastructure protection. This study employed an optical emission spectrometer, pH measurements, soil resistivity assessment, and Tafel extrapolation conducted with a potentiostat. The study encompassed stagnant and flowing 3.5% NaCl solutions, with flow velocities ranging from 0 to 12 km/h, and considered soil corrosiveness based on soil resistivity. In stagnant 3.5% NaCl solutions, minimal corrosion was observed due to limited oxygen availability, resulting in a 6.634 x 10¯3 mm/year corrosion rate. A noteworthy trend was evident in flowing 3.5% NaCl solutions, with corrosion rates peaking at 9 km/h (11.918 x 10¯3 mm/year) and subsequently decreasing at 12 km/h (10.423 x 10¯3 mm/year). This intriguing pattern may be attributed to the potential formation of a protective oxide layer at higher flow velocities, likely due to increased dissolved oxygen and mass transport. The soil's corrosiveness significantly influenced corrosion rates, with lower-resistivity soils exhibiting heightened corrosion rates. In very mildly corrosive soil, AISI 1006 steel displayed a corrosion rate of 2.818 x 10¯4 mm/year. The corrosion rate increased as soil corrosiveness intensified, reaching its peak of 6.319 x 10¯4 mm/year in severely corrosive soil. Extremely corrosive soil led to a corrosion rate of 8.033 x 10¯4 mm/year, as improved soil conductivity accelerated ion transfer and electron flow, ultimately expediting corrosionrelated electrochemical reactions. This study enhances the understanding of AISI 1006 steel corrosion in varying conditions, providing critical data for corrosion control in structures and assets, emphasising the need for tailored prevention measures.
  • Publication
    Iteration Variational Method for Solving Two-Dimensional Partial Integro-Differential Equations
    ( 2020-08-13)
    Hussain A.K.
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    Fadhel F.S.
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    ;
    The two-dimensional integro-differential partial equations is one of the so difficult problems to be solved analytically and/or approximately, and therefore, a method that is efficient for solving such type of problems seems to be necessary. Therefore, in this paper, the iteration methods, which is so called the variational iteration method have been used to provide a solution to such type of problems approximately, in which the obtained results are very accurate in comparison with the exact solution for certain well selected examples which are constructed so that the exact solution exist. Main results of this work is to derive first the variational iteration formula and then analyzing analytically the error term and prove its convergence to zero as the number of iteration increases.
  • Publication
    Development of green-Naghdi level I equation
    ( 2024)
    Siti Maryam Hafiza Mohd Kanafiah
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    ;
    Mohd Ridza Mohd Haniffah
  • Publication
    Numerical simulation of Burgers’ equation
    ( 2017-12)
    Intan Mastura Ramlee
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    An exponential finite difference technique is first presented by Bhattacharya for one‐dimensional unsteady state. In this study, the exponential finite difference technique was used to solve the Burgers’ equationin one‐dimensional with different value of h(stepsize). Burgers’ equation is considered in this study because the equation governing simple nonlinear diffusion process.Since the Burgers’ equation is nonlinear, the Hopf‐Coletrans for mation is applied to the linear heat equation which was converted from Burgers’ equation. Then, the exponential finite difference methods are used to obtain numerical solution. Three techniques have been implemented namely explicit exponential finite difference method, implicit exponential finite difference method and modified Burgers’ equation using explicit exponential finite difference method. In the solution process, the explicit exponential finite difference method used a direct to solve the Burgers’ equation while the implicit exponential finite difference method leads to a system of nonlinear equation. A teach time‐level, Newton’s method is used to solve the nonlinear system. The solution of the one‐dimensional modified Burgers’ equation is using the explicit exponential finite difference method. The solution process has discretized the time derivative and spatial derivative using exponential finite difference technique. Numerical solutions for each method are compared with exact solution and the results obtained using the three methods are precise and reliable. The percent errors are computed and found to be sufficiently small.
      4  13
  • Publication
    Thermal properties and mass spectra of heavy mesons in the presence of a Point-Like defect
    ( 2024)
    Etido P. Inyang
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    ; ; ; ;
    N.R. Ali
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    Muhammad Muhammad Asjad
    In this research, the radial Schr¨odinger equation is solved analytically using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method with the Cornell potential. The energy spectrum and the corresponding wave function are obtained in close form. The effect of Topological Defect on the thermal properties and mass spectra of heavy mesons such as charmonium and bottomonium are studied with the obtained energy spectrum. It is found that the presence of the Topological Defect increases the mass spectra and moves the values close to the experimental data. Our results agreed with the experimental data and are seen to be improved when compared with other works.
  • Publication
    Effects of applied magnetic field on the optical properties and binding energies spherical GaAs quantum dot with donor impurity
    ( 2022)
    Collins Okon Edet
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    Emre Bahadir Al
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    Fatih Ungan
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    ; ; ; ;
    Muhammad Asjad
    The screened modified Kratzer potential (SMKP) model is utilized to scrutinize the impacts of an applied magnetic field (MF) on the binding energies and linear and nonlinear optical properties spherical GaAs quantum dot with donor impurity (DI). To accomplish this goal, we have used the diagonalization method to numerically solve the Schrödinger equation under the effective mass approximation for obtaining the electron energy levels and related electronic wave functions. The expressions used for evaluating linear, third-order nonlinear, and total optical absorption coefficients and relative refractive index changes were previously derived within the compact density matrix method. It has been shown here that the MF and DI impacts the characteristics of the absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes. This study’s results will find application in optoelectronics and related areas.
      1  11
  • Publication
    Feature extraction of trademark images using Geometric Invariant Moment and Zernike Moment - a comparison
    ( 2004)
    Puteh Saad
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    The qualities of features extracted determine the successfulness of any image related applications. This is particularly true especially when the natures of images are occluded and consist of various shapes and design styles, such as trademark images. In this study Geometric Invariant Moment and Zernike Moment techniques are utilized to extract sets of features from trademark images. The results obtained are analysed and compared in terms of intraclass invariance to various perturbations. It is found that a set of features produced by Zernike Moment technique is more robust when compared to features produced by Geometric Invariant Moment.
      3  17