Azwan Iskandar Azmi
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Preferred name
Azwan Iskandar Azmi
Official Name
Azwan Iskandar, Azmi
Alternative Name
Iskandar Azmi, Azwan
Azmi, Azwan Iskandar
Azmi, Azwan I
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
57202737293
Researcher ID
G-7831-2012

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  • Publication
    Performance study of biocompatible recast layer formation on Ti6Al4V by using electrical discharge coatings
    ( 2020-04-01)
    Ahmad Fairuz Mansor
    ;
    Azwan Iskandar Azmi
    ;
    Zahiruddin M.
    ;
    Islam M.N.
    Long-term implantation of titanium-based alloy, Ti6Al4V can be harmful in human bodies due to the release of aluminium and vanadium elements. Thus, a biocompatible barrier coating can be applied towards corrosion and wear resistance of the implant. In this research, the surface of a biomedical grade of Ti6Al4V was coated with a thin film of biomaterial ceramic by the electrical discharge coatings (EDC) using a pure graphite electrode. Polarity, discharge duration and pulse interval were varied to investigate the formation of recast layer thickness (RLT) on the surface of titanium alloys. RLT was measured from cross-sectioned samples using a high magnification optical microscopy. From the statistical analyses of variance, the response was significantly influenced by the pulse interval, followed with electrode polarity. Additionally, the interaction of polarity to discharge duration and pulse interval also significantly affect the RLT. In order to obtain a more uniform recast layer formation, the process condition should be in reverse polarity with a low setting of pulse interval.
  • Publication
    A Review of Surgical Bone Drilling and Drill Bit Heat Generation for Implantation
    ( 2022-11-01)
    Islam M.A.
    ;
    Nur Saifullah Kamarrudin
    ;
    Ruslizam Daud
    ;
    Mohd Noor S.N.F.
    ;
    Azwan Iskandar bin Azmi
    ;
    Zuradzman Mohamad Razlan
    This study aims to summarize the current state of scientific knowledge on factors that contribute to heat generation during the bone drilling process and how these aspects can be better understood and avoided in the future through new research methodologies. Frictional pressures, mechanical trauma, and surgical methods can cause thermal damage and significant micro-fracturing, which can impede bone recovery. According to current trends in the technical growth of the dental and orthopedic industries’ 4.0 revaluation, enhancing drill bit design is one of the most feasible and cost-effective alternatives. In recent years, research on drilling bones has become important to reduce bone tissue damage, such as osteonecrosis (ON), and other problems that can happen during surgery. Reviewing the influence of feed rate, drill design, drill fatigue, drill speed, and force applied during osteotomies, all of which contribute to heat generation, was a major focus of this article. This comprehensive review can aid medical surgeons and drill bit makers in comprehending the recent improvements through optimization strategies for reducing or limiting thermal damage in bone drilling procedures used in the dental and orthopedic industries.
  • Publication
    Roles of new bio-based nanolubricants towards eco-friendly and improved machinability of Inconel 718 alloys
    ( 2020-04-01)
    Ali M.A.M.
    ;
    Azwan Iskandar Azmi
    ;
    Muhamad Nasir Murad
    ;
    Mohd Zahiruddin Md. Zain
    ;
    Ahmad Nabil Mohd Khalil
    ;
    Norshah Aizat Shuaib
    The adverse effects of mineral oil-based metal cutting fluid on environmental sustainability have led to increased industrial concerns. Alternatively, biodegradable lubricants such as vegetable oil has a more positive impact with equivalent performance, but insufficient research on their benefits demands further exploration. This work features extensive experimental investigations on machining of Inconel 718 using novel formulations of coconut bio-based oil with enhanced nanoparticles and coco-amido-propyl-betaine. Bio-based with 0.8 wt% of Al2O3 managed to minimise the rapid growth of tool wear and prolong the tool life by 40.17%. Conversely, bio-based with 0.5 wt% of Al2O3 yielded lower values of cutting force (64.32 N), spindle power (2070 kW), specific cutting energy (6.55 W/mm3), and surface roughness (0.29 μm). The outstanding performance of bio-based nanolubricants contributed to superior machinability efficiency and eco-friendly machining environments.
      1
  • Publication
    Thermophysical Properties of Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) in Bio-based Coconut Oil Hybrid Nanolubricant for Cleaner Metalworking Cutting Fluid Applications
    ( 2023-06-01)
    Faudzi S.M.
    ;
    Ahmad Nabil Mohd Khalil
    ;
    Azwan Iskandar Azmi
    ;
    Sowi S.A.
    Green metalworking fluids have increasingly gained pivotal relevance as environmentally compatible lubricant with equivalent performance since conventional lubricant poses significant threat. This study performs experimental and theoretical discovery on the new approach to metalworking fluid; a bio-based coconut oil nanolubricant with hybrid nanoparticles of Al2O3/MoS2 regarding the thermophysical properties. The colloid was produced by suspending Al2O3 and MoS2 nanoparticles in coconut-based oil at different volumetric ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 but equal volumetric concentrations of 0.3 vol%. The thermal conductivity of bio-based lubricants increased up to 4.3% with the addition of hybrid nanoparticles which was ascertained using KD2 Pro thermal analyzer. A contact angle goniometer was used to obtain the water drop profile and the maximum wettability of bio-based hybrid nanolubricant was obtained at 27.76° (Al2O3:MoS2 (1:1)) which indicates that incorporating both nanoparticles into the base system improved lubricant spreadability. The kinematic viscosity was evaluated through the viscometer and hybrid nanofluid possessed a remarkable increase in viscosity index of at least 49.6% (Al2O3:MoS2 (2:1)) among other samples. The stability test revealed that the nanolubricant (Al2O3:MoS2 (1:1)) was more stable than others. The experimental outcomes showed that the ratio of hybrid nanoparticles in base fluid has a significant role in enhancing thermophysical properties.
      1