Anas Mohd Noor
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Preferred name
Anas Mohd Noor
Official Name
Anas, Mohd Noor
Alternative Name
Mohd Noor, Anas
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Scopus Author ID
57190394249
Researcher ID
DVM-0848-2022

Research Output

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A comprehensive review of the recent developments in wearable Sweat-Sensing Devices

2022-10-01 , Nur Fatin Adini Ibrahim , Norhayati Sabani , Shazlina Johari , Asrulnizam Abd Manaf , Asnida Abdul Wahab , Zulkarnay Zakaria , Anas Mohd Noor

Sweat analysis offers non-invasive real-time on-body measurement for wearable sensors. However, there are still gaps in current developed sweat-sensing devices (SSDs) regarding the concerns of mixing fresh and old sweat and real-time measurement, which are the requirements to ensure accurate the measurement of wearable devices. This review paper discusses these limitations by aiding model designs, features, performance, and the device operation for exploring the SSDs used in different sweat collection tools, focusing on continuous and non-continuous flow sweat analysis. In addition, the paper also comprehensively presents various sweat biomarkers that have been explored by earlier works in order to broaden the use of non-invasive sweat samples in healthcare and related applications. This work also discusses the target analyte’s response mechanism for different sweat compositions, categories of sweat collection devices, and recent advances in SSDs regarding optimal design, functionality, and performance.

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We-VoltamoStat: A wearable potentiostat for voltammetry analysis with a smartphone interface

2023-09-01 , Ibrahim N.F.A. , Anas Mohd Noor , Norhayati Sabani , Zulkarnay Zakaria , Wahab A.A. , Manaf A.A. , Shazlina Johari

Wearable technology, such as electronic components integrated into clothing or worn as accessories, is becoming increasingly prevalent in fields like healthcare and biomedical monitoring. These devices allow for continuous monitoring of important biomarkers for medical diagnosis, monitoring of physiological health, and evaluation. However, an open-source wearable potentiostat is a relatively new technology that still faces several design limitations such as short battery lifetime, bulky size, heavy weight, and the requirement for a wire for data transmission, which affects comfortability during long periods of measurement. In this work, an open-source wearable potentiostat device named We-VoltamoStat is developed to allow interested parties to use and modify the device for creating new products, research, and teaching purposes. The proposed device includes improved and added features, such as wireless real-time signal monitoring and data collection. It also has an ultra-low power consumption battery estimated to deliver 15 mA during operating mode for 33 h and 20 min and 5 mA during standby mode for 100 h without recharging. Its convenience for wearable applications, tough design, and compact size of 67x54x38 mm make it suitable for wearable applications. Cost-effectiveness is another advantage, with a price less than 120 USD. Validation performance tests indicate that the device has good accuracy, with an R2 value of 0.99 for linear regression of test accuracy on milli-, micro-, and nano-Ampere detection. In the future, it is recommended to improve the design and add more features to the device, including new applications for wearable potentiostats.

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A Review on Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy potential for fetal acidosis examination

2022-02-01 , Siti Fatimah Abdul Halim , Zulkarnay Zakaria , Pusppanathan J. , Anas Mohd Noor , Ahmad Nasrul Norali , Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman , Muji S.Z.M. , Rahim R.A. , Engku-Husna E.I. , Muhamad Khairul Ali Hassan , Muhammad Juhairi Aziz Safar , Ahmad Faizal Salleh , Mohd Hanafi Mat Som

Fetal acidosis is one of the main concerns during labor. Currently, fetal blood sampling (FBS) has become the most accurate measurement of acidosis detection. However, it is invasive and does not provide a real time measurement due to laboratory procedures. Delays in diagnosis of acidosis have caused serious injury to the fetus, especially for the brain and the heart. This paper reviews the new technique in diagnosis of acidosis non-invasively. Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy (MIS) has been proposed to be a new device for acidosis detection in recent years. This paper explains the basic principle of MIS and outlines the design specifications and design considerations for a MIS pH probe. It is expected that readers will gain a basic understanding of the development of a MIS pH probe from this review.

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Numerical Simulation of Transdermal Iontophoretic Drug Delivery System

2021-11-25 , Anas Mohd Noor , Zulkarnay Zakaria , Shazlina Johari , Norhayati Sabani , Yufridin Wahab , Manaf A.A.

Transdermal Iontophoretic Drug Delivery System (TIDDS) is a non-invasive method of systemic drug delivery that involves by applying a drug formulation to the skin. The drug penetrates through the stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis layers. Once the drug reaches the dermal layer, it is available for systemic absorption via dermal microcirculation. However, clinical testing of new drug developed for the iontophoretic system is a long and complex process. Recently, most of those major pharmaceutical companies have attempted to consider computer-based bio-simulation strategies as a means of generating the data necessary to help make a better decision. In this work, we used computational modelling to investigate the TIDDS behaviour. Our interest is to study the efficacy of drug diffusion through transdermal delivery, including the thermal effect on the skin. We found that drug will be delivered more efficiently if the electrical potential and the position of electrodes are optimum. We analysed the drug diffusion time of the system using 1,3 and 5 mA DC source. In addition, we also modify the electrode distance from 10 mm to 30 mm long and analysed the effect of delivery time and d effect to the skin thermal. We conclude that, a high electrical current, as instance, a 5 mA DC, delivered the drug faster into the skin but increased the skin temperature because of skin joule heating effect. However, a 30 mm electrodes distance setting decreased the skin temperature significantly than the 10 mm distance with more than 9.7 °C under 5 mA DC and 60 minutes of operation. TIDDS enhanced drug delivery compared to oral consumption and might be suitable used for localizing treatments such as chronic disease. This work provides great potential and is useful to efficiently design of iontophoretic drug delivery system including new drugs delivery applications.

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Initial Results on Primary Field Cancellation of Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy Technique for Fetal Acidosis Detection using COMSOL Multiphysics

2021-11-25 , Siti Fatimah Abdul Halim , Mohd Hafiz Zakaria , Zulkarnay Zakaria , Ahmad Nasrul Norali , Anas Mohd Noor , Ahmed A.A. , Pusppanathan J. , Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman , Muji S.Z.M. , Rahim R.A.

Monitoring of fetal condition during labor could save hundred lives in a single year. During labor, fetus is at critical condition as acidosis may occur suddenly without any early symptoms. Invasive method such as Fetal Blood Sampling (FBS) has been used to detect the decline in pH level of fetus. However, fetal loss rate after FBS may range from 1.4% up to 25%. In this paper, magnetic field induction spectroscopy was implemented to determine fetal acidosis by using primary magnetic field cancellation technique. Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy (MIS) probe was design where transmitter coil (TX) is perpendicular to receiver coil (RX). The result shows that the secondary magnetic field produced have been successfully measured without any interruption from primary magnetic field. By using transmitter input 1A, it shows that voltage is inversely proportional to the blood pH due to the conductivity properties of blood.

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