Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
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Preferred name
Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
Official Name
Tengku Nuraiti, Tengku Izhar
Alternative Name
Tengku Izhar, Tengku Nuraiti
Tengku Izhar, T. N.
Izhar, T. N.T.
Izhar, T. Nuraiti T.
Izhar, T. N.Tengku
Main Affiliation
Scopus Author ID
57189071410
Researcher ID
AAY-2768-2021

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  • Publication
    A study on Hydrogen Sulphide as potential tracer in landfill gas monitoring
    ( 2013)
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Zaity Syazwani Mohd Odli
    ;
    Irnis Azura Zakarya
    ;
    Farah Naemah Mohd Saad
    ;
    Tan Ley Binn
    ;
    Roshazita Che Amat
    ;
    Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim
    Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are one of the major source of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) which is the offensive odours potentially creating annoyance in adjacent communities. This project focuses on H2S emission from landfills in Perlis, Malaysia. Landfill gas (LFG) samples were collected and analyzed accordance with NIOSH method 6013. The mean concentrations of H2S in Kuala Perlis Landfill and Padang Siding Landfill are 210.68 ppm and 242.85 ppm respectively. High concentrations of H2S may be a concern for employees working on the landfill site. These results indicate that workers should use proper personal protection at landfill when involved in excavation, landfill gas collection, and refuse compaction. The formation of H2S most likely to be contributed by the biological conversion of sulfate from gypsum-rich soils and landfill wastewater treatment sludges by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) which can utilize dissolved sulfate as an electron acceptor. H2S is conveniently detected by hand held analyzer, such Jerome meter, landfill gas analyzer. In the organic range, in the ease of detection range in the dispersion rate within the landfill site, the monitored H2S gas form a very noticeable concentration with the travelling wind direction. It proved that the dispersion rate of H2S are suitable as tracer to detect route of travelling in a certain distance.
  • Publication
    Life cycle analysis of plastic packaging
    ( 2020-12-29)
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    May, Yap Voon
    Due to the increasing demand of plastic usage all around the world, the production and disposal of plastic packaging have a significant increase in amount. This study is aimed to analyze the environmental impacts throughout the life cycle of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) plastic packaging by using life cycle analysis (LCA) method which implemented as in ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. The system is designed to study the cradle-to-grave process of LDPE plastic packaging which included the production of polymers, manufacture of packaging, distribution of packaging, overall transportation, and the end-of-life treatments, with the functional unit of 1000 kg, using GaBi LCA software and TRACI 2.1 method, to assess the significant environmental impacts throughout the processes which were the global warming (climate change), acidification, smog formation, eutrophication, and particulate matter emission. The findings show that climate change is the most significant impact (43% contribution) while the most relevant unit process is the manufacture of LDPE packaging (52% contribution). Landfill has found to be the best option within end-of-life treatments, with the least pollutant emissions. However, the design of landfill had to be enhanced to cope with the long-lasting effects of plastic in landfill.
  • Publication
    The Effect of Low Initial C:N Ratio during Composting of Rice Straw Ash with Food Waste in Evaluating the Compost Quality
    ( 2020-06-10)
    Khalib S.N.B.
    ;
    Irnis Azura Zakaria
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    The physicochemical and biological changes was examined during composting of rice straw ash with food waste in order to assess the effectiveness as stability and maturity of compost at low initial C:N ratio of 20 with three different aeration rates of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 L/min.kg. The rice straw was burned at 300°C temperature to produced rice straw ash before being used to compost with a food waste. A laboratory-scale of bin composter reactor in a cone-shape was used during the composting process. The composting mixture with aeration rates of 0.6L/min.kg maintained the temperature exceeding 55°C for three days to meet the requirement of pathogen destruction compared to the composting mixture with aeration rate 0.4L/min.kg and 0.8L/min.kg. The final C:N ratio for composting mixture with aeration rates 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8L/min.kg was 11. The pH values and moisture content obtained for all composting mixture was in a range of 7-8 and 40-70%. However, the final germination index in all composting mixture was never over 80%.
  • Publication
    Evaluation of phytoremediation in removing Pb, Cd and Zn from contaminated soil using Ipomoea Aquatica and Spinacia Oleracea
    ( 2020-06-10)
    Farah Naemah Mohd Saad
    ;
    Lim F.J.
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Odli Z.S.M.
    Phytoremediation is an innovative and profound method to clean heavy metals which have been released by human activities into the environment and where the metals had persisted over many years. Phytoremediation employs plants to remove the heavy metals. The aim of this study is to compare Ipomoea Aquatica and Spinacia Oleracea in effectiveness of phytoreduction capability and translocation capability in responds to lead, cadmium and zinc from synthetic soil within 35 days. The synthetic soil was prepared to contain 66 mg/kg Pb, 30 mg/kg of Cd and 66 mg/kg of Zn. I. Aquatica has shown higher removal percentage of Pb, Cd and Zn than S. Oleracea which are 27.7% of Pb, 29.0% of Cd and 32.8% of Zn. The translocation factor (TF) of root to shoot by I. Aquatica is 1.05 and it is higher than S. Oleracea, which is 0.79. Besides that, I. Aquatic has shown a higher combined bioaccumulation factor (BAC) of 0.78 while S. Oleracea has combined BAC of 0.68. The results show that I. Aquatica is more effective for phytoremediation. Furthermore, kinetic evaluation shows that heavy metals treated with I. Aquatica has shorter half-life compared to S. Oleracea which is 76 days.
  • Publication
    A Comparative Study on Generation and Composition of Food Waste in Desa Pandan Kuala Lumpur During Covid-19 Outbreak
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Irnis Azura Zakaria
    ;
    Rashidy N.A.
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Ngaa M.H.
    ;
    Laslo L.
    Food waste is a type of solid waste that is heavily influenced by consumers. The composition (%) and the total weight generation (kg) of food waste were determined during the Covid-19 outbreak. The data was obtained by direct weighing of the food waste collected where it was generated throughout the day. Findings have shown that 63.3% of the composition of uncooked food waste types identified is generated by internal organs, vegetables, fruits, and eggshells, while 36.7% of the identified composition of cooked food waste types is generated by rice and noodles, bones, vegetables, fruits, and others in Desa Pandan. During six days of collection, the total food waste generated by 30 households, 10 restaurants, and 3 schools was 146.5 kg (0.20 kg/capita/day), 231.7 kg (0.026 kg/capita/day), and 155.4 kg (0.010 kg/capita/day) respectively. A food waste awareness survey was conducted online with 100 respondents using Google Forms. Findings show that the Covid-19 pandemic did influence people's attitudes and practices regarding food purchase, management, and consumption habits, all of which have a substantial impact on reducing food waste generation at the household level.
  • Publication
    A Study on the Environmental Impact During Distribution and Disposal Stages for the 3-Ply Face Masks by Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Chow Suet Mun Christine
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Irnis Azura Zakaria
    ;
    Sara Yasina Yusuf
    ;
    Ayu Wazira Azhari
    ;
    Boboc M.
    The demand of face masks had increased tremendously due to pandemic outbreak of COVID-19, leading to the increment production rate of face masks in Malaysia. Waste is also produced at the same time, resulting impacts towards the environment. Due to the land scarcity issue in Malaysia, the end of life treatment for the waste is taken into consideration. The study tools used in this study is life cycle assessment (LCA) to identify the significant potential environmental impact produced during the life cycle stages for distribution and disposal through GaBi Education Software. The disposal stage between landfill and incineration of the 3-Ply face masks is studied to determine the end of life treatment for it. The impact assessment method selected in this study is CML 2001-Jan 2016 with the environmental indicator of Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP) and Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP). GWP results in producing highest impact to the environment during both distribution and disposal stages. The impact of GWP also relates to the climate change. Modern incineration is recommended to overcome the issue of land scarcity in Malaysia as the amount of waste by 3-Ply face masks are increasing due to the pandemic COVID-19, reducing the impacts towards the environment.
  • Publication
    Iron removal efficiency in synthetic Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) treatment using peat soil
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Mohd Syazwan Mohd Halim
    ;
    Abdul Haqi Ibrahim
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Suhaina Ismail
    ;
    Ku Esyra Hani Ku Ishak
    ;
    Moncea Andreea
    Acid mine drainage (AMD) formation is due to the sulfide minerals reaction either chemically or biologically when exposed to atmospheric conditions. The AMD formation often occurred in the region involved with anthropogenic activities, including mining, agricultural plantation, urban development and logging. Treatment of AMD is a challenging part of most mining operations around the world. Selection of method treatment is crucial depending on the area’s geological, mineralogical, topography and AMD characteristic. There are two types of method treatment; active and passive treatment method. In this study, passive treatment method was adopted; which is successive alkalinity producing system (SAPS). The study aims to analyze effect of variable parameters on iron (Fe) concentration and propose optimum operating condition for AMD treatment. Peat soil and limestone aggregate was used as treatment media in treatment tank. Synthetic AMD was formulated using sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and iron sulfate (FeSO4) to represent actual AMD. Once the synthetic AMD was introduced, water samples were collected and analyzed using UV–Vis test after 6 to 48 h’ retention time. Based on the analysis, the proposed methodology has successfully reduced more than 85% iron content only after 6 h of retention time. The maximum Fe removal percentage recorded was 95%, using the higher peat soil depth configuration. The statistical analysis results show that the optimum operating condition for SAPS with high Fe removal is using high peat soil depth. Experiments with higher peat soil depth provide satisfactory results in treating the high initial Fe concentration regardless of the retention time for the AMD treatment.
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  • Publication
    Malaysian and Libyan Perspectives on Single-Use Plastic's Environmental Impact During the Pandemic COVID-19: A Pilot Study
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Zreba K.Y.A.
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Farah Naemah Mohd Saad
    ;
    Irnis Azura Zakaria
    ;
    Hwidi R.S.A.
    Plastics have become a significant threat to natural ecosystems as well as human health. The use and consumption of plastics improves our quality of life significantly, but it is critical to transition to more sustainable alternatives. Thus, the current study proposes an investigation into the impact of single use plastic products during pandemic on the impact to the environment from the Malaysian and Libyan perspective. A pilot study was conducted to examine the strength of the questionnaire in collecting on the environmental impacts of single use plastic during COVID-19 pandemic distributed across two countries (Libya and Malaysia). SPSS was used to test the questionnaires' strength with 40 participants, 20 in each nation. The reliability test results with Cronbach’s Alpha predicted values of 0.7-0.86 and actual data Alpha values 0.87-0.93, normal test of variance inflation factor ranging between 1 and 5, skewness and kurtosis values of -1.343 to -0.076 and 5.312 to -0.024 respectively confirmed the strength of the questionnaires as benchmarked in the literature. Further, the participants' responses to the quality of the questionnaire in determining the single use plastic impact to environmental have clearly revealed the strength and applicability of this questionnaire for wider data collections.
  • Publication
    Effects of magnesium ions in microbial cells adhesion of attached growth system for the enhancement of biogas production
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
    ;
    Wong Yee Shian
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Kiong, Yiek Wee
    This research aims to improve the biogas production by employing cell immobilisation technique under thermophilic conditions. The thermophilic fermentative biogas production was carried out by immobilising the anaerobic sludge obtained from palm oil mill treatment plant on granular activated carbon (GAC) in repeated batch mode. Different concentration of magnesium ions (Mg2+) (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5 g/l) on biogas production was investigated at 60°C with an initial sucrose concentration of 5 g/l as feedstock. The effect of Mg2+supplementation at the initial stage of immobilisation process is important to increase the formation of biofilm in the attached growth system. This study had found that Mg2+could enhance the biogas production capacity with optimum Mg2+concentration of 0.75 g/l.
  • Publication
    Mediating Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Single Use Plastic Production, Usage and Disposal Management Models Correlations
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Zreba K.Y.A.
    ;
    Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar
    ;
    Irnis Azura Zakaria
    ;
    Hwidi R.S.A.
    ;
    Hweidi A.S.A.
    This research examines the consequences of the COVID-19 epidemic on the production, use, and disposal of single-use plastics. This research explores the intricate relationships between the impacts of COVD-19 on single-use plastic production, usage, and waste management with a focus on the mediating effects of the pandemic related to model parameters and correlations to develop a trustworthy approach. The report examines first the increasing evidence regarding the pandemic's influence on various users and industries, and then the consequences for waste management and the environment. The research then examined the relationships and modelling framework correlations between the variables utilised to estimate the influence of COVID-induced changes in production, consumption, and management on single-use plastics. The study variables captured the influence of production, usage, and disposal on the environment. The study's parameters are equally linked to types of usage, have a pronominal effect, and disposal plays a vital role in the environmental impact, which makes them extremely dynamic for parameters in this study. Single-use plastic aggregation in the environment is predicted to be a dominant mechanism by disposal behaviour.