Conference Publications

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Omar S. Dahham

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M. U. Umar

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Izwan Johari

In this study, the ionic liquid as additive on recycle high density polyethylene/bamboo filler (rHDPE/BF) using different concentration (0.2 wt.%, 0.4 wt.% and 0.6 wt.%) of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate (EMImSCN) and 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium chloride (OMImCl) ionic liquid was performed. The bamboo filler were reinforced with in rHDPE matrix using extrusion method and undergo injection molding process for sample preparation. For comparison purpose, rHDPE/BF composites with both of ionic liquid were tested under flexural and charpy impact test respectively. Result indicate that the present of 0.4 wt.% with OMImCl of ionic liquid on rHDPE/BF composites with better matrix/filler interlocking characteristics shows better mechanical performance compared with EMImSCN ionic liquid on rHDPE/BF composites. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was used to analyze the fractured surface on the impact test. The FESEM test revealed fractured surface of rHDPE/BF composites has better adhesion between the filler and matrix with the presence of additives as the gaps between filler and matrix was reduced.

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Publication

Flexural and morphology properties of rHDPE/BF composites: effect of surface modification of bamboo filler by NaOH treatment

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Aini Asifa Ahmad Kamal

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Omar S. Dahham

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N. A. Latip

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M. U. Umar

This study is about the effect of alkaline treatment on bamboo filler reinforced with recycle high density polyethylene (rHDPE) composites. The alkaline treatment was done by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at three different concentrations (2.5 wt.%, 5.0 wt.% and 7.5 wt.%) for two hours at room temperature. The bamboo filler and rHDPE was compound with the extrusion method and the granule was form. The granule of rHDPE/bamboo filler composites was inject by using injection molding to produce the sample of end product. The samples of rHDPE/bamboo filler was tested using conventional universal testing machine. Field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to analyze the morphology of filler and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for characterization of functional group in the filler and composites. The result showed that the flexural properties of rHDPE/bamboo filler composites were slightly affected by the alkaline treatment on the bamboo filler.

Publication

Surface modification of bamboo filler by acid treatment on flexural and morphology rHDPE/BF composites

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Aini Asifa Ahmad Kamal

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Omar S. Dahham

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M. U. Umar

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Izwan Johari

This study main objective is to compare the effect of different concentration on surface treatments of natural fibrous material, bamboo filler (BF) by using acetic acid (CH3COOH). The application of surface treatment on natural fibrous material can improve the compatibility with polymer matrix material. Different concentration on surface treatment by using CH3COOH were applied at 0 wt.%, 2.5 wt.%, 5.0 wt.% and 7.5 wt.%. After the application of surface treatments, the fibrous materials were combined with polymer matrix material, particularly recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE), by twin screw extruder and injection moulding. The mechanical test was performed to evaluate the influence of different concentration of surface treatments on rHDPE/BF composites. The experimental results shows that the surface treatment by using CH3COOH on BF strongly affect the mechanical properties of the final composite materials by increasing the flexural strength ultimately at 5.0 wt.% concentration CH3COOH with the highest flexural strength. The morphology of treated BF by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) show that the lignin, wax and other impurities was removed from BF.

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Publication

The effects of different bamboo filler loading on HDPE/BF composites and rHDPE/BF composites: flexural and morphology

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Aini Asifa Ahmad Kamal

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Omar S. Dahham

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M. U. Umar

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Izwan Johari

In this article, wood plastic composite (WPC) is a composite material made up from bamboo as filler (BF) and high-density polyethylene and recycle high density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic as matrix. This research was conducted in order to investigate the mechanical properties of HDPE/BF and rHDPE/BF composites with different filler loading (5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.% and 20 wt.%). From the morphology test by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), the bonding between filler and matrix to 10 wt.% show a positive effect and have a great bonding. The, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) used to analyze the functional group in the bamboo filler which contain lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The flexural test was conducted to study the mechanical properties of rHDPE/BF composites. Based on the flexural test result, the HDPE/BF and rHDPE/BF composites with 10 wt.% BF show the highest flexural result as decreasing filler loading will reduce the strength of the composites.

Publication

The effects of ionic liquid (ILs) as additive on recycled high-density polyethylene reinforced bamboo filler composites

(AIP Publishing, 2020)

Aini Asifa Ahmad Kamal

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